kowtowとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• kotoo (obsolete)
• kotow

語源

From either Cantonese 叩頭 / 叩头 (kau tau) or Mandarin 叩頭 / 叩头 (kòutóu). Literally, “knock head”.

発音

• IPA: /ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/
• 韻: -aʊ

動詞

kowtow (third-person singular simple present kowtows, present participle kowtowing, simple past and past participle kowtowed) (intransitive)

1. (historical) To kneel and bow low enough to touch one’s forehead to the ground.
   • 2013, Wendy Swartz, Robert Ford Campany, Yang Lu, Jessey J. C. Choo, Early Medieval China: A Sourcebook, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 645:

     When the weather turned cold, the tears that he shed would become frozen like veins; the blood on his forehead from kowtowing would also freeze and would not drip.

2. (figuratively) To grovel, act in a very submissive manner.
   • 1984 December 30, Jim Davis, Garfield‎ (comic):

     I suppose you're going to be nice to Odie and kowtow to Jon and lick the mailman's boots! I don't like you already.

   • 2015, Oleg V. Khlevniuk, Stalin: New Biography of a Dictator, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 265:

     The letter to Razin contained another thought that preoccupied Stalin in the first months after the war: the need to avoid “kowtowing to the West,” including showing “unwarranted respect” for the “military authorities of Germany.”

3. To bow very deeply.

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

派生語

• kowtower
• kowtowing
• kowtow to

名詞

kowtow (plural kowtows)

1. The act of kowtowing.
   • 1990, Hugh D. R. Baker, Hong Kong Images: People and Animals, Hong Kong University Press, →ISBN, page 93:

     Three elders dressed in their long silk ceremonial gowns perform the kowtow before the altar in their clan ancestral hall.

同意語

• (Japanese way) dogeza

参考

• prostrate