SPEARとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /spɪə̯(ɹ)/
• (Canada, 米国発音) IPA: /spɪɹ/
• 韻: -ɪə(ɹ)

語源 1

From 中期英語 spere, sperre, spear, from 古期英語 spere, from Proto-West Germanic *speru, from Proto-Germanic *speru, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.

名詞

spear (plural spears)

1. A long stick with a sharp tip used as a weapon for throwing or thrusting, or anything used to make a thrusting motion.
   • 2000, “Judith”, performed by A Perfect Circle:

     It's not like you killed someone
     It's not like you drove a spiteful spear into his side
     Talk to Jesus Christ as if he knows the reasons why
     He did it all for you

2. (now chiefly historical) A soldier armed with such a weapon; a spearman.
   • 1815, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lord of the Isles, a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC:

     Now toil'd the Bruce, the battle done ,
     To use his conquest boldly won;
     And gave command for horse and spear
     To press the Southron's scatter'd rear

   • 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin, published 2012, page 187:

     Two of the four spears came directly from Lady Margaret's staff. One was her great-nephew Maurice St John […].

3. A lance with barbed prongs, used by fishermen to retrieve fish.
4. (ice hockey) An illegal maneuver using the end of a hockey stick to strike into another hockey player.
5. (wrestling) In professional wrestling, a running tackle in which the wrestler's shoulder is driven into the opponent's midsection.
6. A shoot, as of grass; a spire.
7. The feather of a horse.
8. The rod to which the bucket, or plunger, of a pump is attached; a pump rod.
9. A long, thin strip from a vegetable.

   asparagus and broccoli spears

派生語

参考

• assegai, assagai, assagaie, assagay, assegay, azagaia, hassagay, hassaguay, zagaie, zagaye
• atlatl
• bayonet
• harpoon
• javelin
• joust
• lance
• pike
• spit, used to grill food on fire
• woomera

動詞

spear (third-person singular simple present spears, present participle spearing, simple past and past participle speared)

1. (transitive) To pierce with a spear.

   Hypernyms: run through; see also Thesaurus:impale

   Coordinate terms: jab; see also Thesaurus:stab

   • 2012, Robin Reid, Savannas of Our Birth:

     By the 1970s, herders were spearing rhinos and poisoning lions to protest the loss of their land to conservation, then represented by the independent Kenyan government.

2. (transitive, by extension) To penetrate or strike with, or as if with, any long narrow object; to make a thrusting motion that catches an object on the tip of a long device.
   • 2003, Stan Fischler, Shirley Fischler, Who's who in Hockey:

     Former teammate Derek Sanderson recalls that Maki hit Ted from behind as Green was clearing the puck from the Boston zone. Green turned to knock Maki down, but Maki speared him as he rose from the ice.

3. (gridiron football) To tackle an opponent by ramming into them with one's helmet.
4. (intransitive) To shoot into a long stem, as some plants do.
   • 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:

     you may prepare them for spearing by laying the Keys in Earth or Sand

5. (transitive, obsolete, especially in Regency England) To ignore as a social snub.

   Synonyms: blank, cut

   • 27 September 2013, Kane, Kathryn, The Regency Redingote Blog The Cut: The Ultimate & Final Social Weapon:

     The Monthly Magazine, Or, British Register for 1798 included an explanation by a reader of how the cut was carried out in his college days in a lengthy letter to the editor, signed by the pseudonym "Ansonius." In his rambling letter, Ansonius noted that when he was at college, " … if a man passed an old acquaintance wittingly, without recognizing him, he was said— ‘To cut him.’" Ansonius then went on to explain the performance of the cut and noted that for a time the term "to spear" was used instead of to cut. However, that term did not remain long in use, and this act was generally known as "the cut" ever after.

形容詞

spear (not comparable)

1. Male.

   a spear counterpart

   • 2018, A Very English Scandal (TV series), episode 1:

     When I was young, I was so desperate I'd go looking on the spear side.

2. Pertaining to male family members.

   the spear side of the family

反意語

• distaff

派生語

• spear side

語源 2

Alteration of spire, from 中期英語 spyre, spier, spir, from 古期英語 spīr (“stalk of a plant, shoot, blade”). More at spire.

名詞

spear (plural spears)

1. (botany) The sprout of a plant, stalk
2. (obsolete) A church spire.

派生語

• spearmint

アナグラム

• rapes, après, Pears, prase, as per, Spera, presa, apers, spaer, RESPA, pears, Spare, après-, reaps, præs., apres, parse, Rapes, Earps, Asper, Presa, aprés, Peras, spare, asper, pares, sarpe