Arbiterとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɑː.bɪ.tə(ɹ)/
• (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈɑɹ.bɪ.tɚ/, [ˈɑɹ.bɪ.ɾɚ]
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˈaː.bɪ.tə(ɹ)/

名詞

arbiter (plural arbiters)

1. A person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them; an arbitrator.
   • 1931, William Bennett Munro, The government of the United States, national, state, and local, page 495:

     In order to protect individual liberty there must be an arbiter between the governing powers and the governed.

2. (with of) A person or object having the power of judging, determining, or ordaining; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.

   Television and film, not Vogue and similar magazines, are the arbiters of fashion.

   • 1993, Gajendra K. Verma, Inequality and teacher education: an international perspective, page 188:

     The grapholect of Standard English is not the exclusive system that arbiters of cultural purity wish to 'correct' us into believing

   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Starships: Dreadnought Codex entry:

     The dreadnought is the ultimate arbiter of space warfare; millions of tons of metal, ceramic, and polymer dedicated to the projection of firepower against an enemy vessel of like ability. No sane commander would face a dreadnought with anything less than another dreadnought.

3. (electronics) A component in circuitry that allocates scarce resources.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

arbiter (third-person singular simple present arbiters, present participle arbitering, simple past and past participle arbitered)

1. (transitive) To act as an arbiter.
   • 2003, Jean-Benoit Nadeau, Julie Barlow, Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't be Wrong: Why We Love France But Not the French, page 116:

     Worse, since there was no institution to arbiter disagreements between Parliament and the government, whenever Parliament voted against the government on the smallest issues, coalitions fragmented, and governments had to be recomposed.

Further reading

• “arbiter”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “arbiter”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• rarebit

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈar.bɪ.tɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈar.bi.t̪er]

名詞

arbiter m (genitive arbitrī, feminine arbitra); second declension

1. witness, spectator, onlooker

   Synonym: testis

2. (law) arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a iūdex)
3. (transferred sense) judge, umpire, arbitrator, arbiter

   Synonyms: iūdex, disceptātor, spectātor

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.665–666:

     pācis et armōrum superīs īmīsque deōrum
     arbiter, ālātō quī pede carpis iter

     In peace and war, [you] arbiter of the gods – for [those both] above and below – you who navigate the journey with winged foot, [...].
     (The poet is addressing Mercury (mythology).)

4. overseer, controller, ruler

   Synonyms: erus, domnus, dominus

語形変化

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

関連する語

• arbitrātus
• arbitrium
• arbitror

派生した語

• Portuguese: álvidro

Borrowings:

参照

• “arbiter” on page 175 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “arbiter”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 50

Further reading

• “arbiter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “arbiter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “arbiter”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) in private; tête-à-tête: remotis arbitris or secreto
    
• “arbiter”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “arbiter”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin