superoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsʊ.pɛ.roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsuː.pe.ro]

動詞

superō (present infinitive superāre, perfect active superāvī, supine superātum); first conjugation

1. to surmount, rise over, rise above, go over, ascend, overtop, mount
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.: 317:

     superantque cacūmina nūbēs.

     and the peaks rise above the clouds.

2. to go over, pass over, surpass, exceed, traverse

   Synonyms: praetereō, trānsgredior, trānseō, praeferō, trānsmittō, peragō, intrō

3. to be superior, surpass, exceed, excel, outdo, outstrip, be in excess, have the upper hand

   Synonyms: praepolleō, praestō, exsuperō

4. to be abundant, overflow
5. to overcome, overpower, conquer, subdue

   Synonyms: subigō, subiciō, dēvincō, vincō, pācō, conquestō, expugnō, domō, prōflīgō, ēvincō, caedō, obruō, exsuperō, pellō, opprimō, premō, fundō

6. to remain; to be left, left over, or left alone; to survive; to be safe, to be spared
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.596–598:

     “‘Nōn prius aspiciēs ubi fessum aetāte parentem
     līqueris Anchīsēn; superet coniūnxne Creūsā,
     Ascaniusque puer?’”

     “‘First, why don't you see where you left your father, Anchises, weary with age? Does [your wife,] Creüsa, survive? And the child, Ascanius?’”
     (Venus reminds Aeneas to return to his own family.)

Conjugation

At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

派生語

派生した語

Borrowings:

参照

• “supero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “supero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “supero”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to cross the Alps, Pyrenees, Apennines: superare Alpes, Pyrenaeum, Apenninum (both always in the sing.)
    
  • the water is up to, is above, the chest: aqua pectus aequat, superat
    
  • to double a cape: promunturium superare
    
  • to be defeated in fight, lose the battle: proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere
    
  • to double an island, cape: superare insulam, promunturium
    
  • (ambiguous) heavenly things; earthly things: supera et caelestia; humana et citerioria