outstripとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From out- (prefix forming verbs with the sense of exceeding or surpassing) +‎ strip (“(obsolete) to move or pass by quickly”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌaʊtˈstɹɪp/
• (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˌaʊtˈstɹɪp/, (Canadian raising) [ˌʌʊtˈstɹɪp]
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˌæɔtˈstɹɪp/
• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˌæʊtˈstɹəp/
• 韻: -ɪp
• ハイフネーション: out‧strip

動詞

outstrip (third-person singular simple present outstrips, present participle outstripping, simple past and past participle outstripped or outstript) (transitive)

1. To move more quickly than (someone or something) so as to outrun or leave it behind.

   Synonyms: overgo, overhaul, overtake

   We quickly outstripped the amateur runners.

   • 1567, Ovid, “The Tenth Booke”, in Arthur Golding, transl., The XV. Bookes of P. Ouidius Naso, Entytuled Metamorphosis, […], London: […] Willyam Seres […], →OCLC, folio 134, recto:

     And leaſt that I in telling of my tale may longer bee, / Than they in ronning of their race, outſtripped quight was shée. / And he that wan her, marying her enioyd her for his fée.

   • 1810, Robert Southey, chapter VII, in History of Brazil, 1st part, London: […] [William Pople] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], →OCLC, page 201:

     The Savages pursued, some of them came up to him, he beat them off, outstript the rest, ran into the sea, and swam off to the boat.

   • 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter XVI, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume III, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 270:

     […] Bingley, who wanted to be alone with Jane, proposed their all walking out. […] Bingley and Jane, however, soon allowed the others to outstrip them. They lagged behind, while Elizabeth, Kitty, and Darcy, were to entertain each other.

   • 1832, Thomas Hood, “A Horse-dealer”, in The Comic Annual, 2nd edition, London: Charles Tilt, […], →OCLC, page 133:

     Roaring he calleth "sound," and a steed that high bloweth in running, he compareth to Eclipse, for he outstrippeth the wind.

   • 1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, chapter VIII, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC, page 146:

     There was a violent jostle between the remaining men. […] The MacQuern overtook Mr. Oover at St. Mary's and outstripped him in Radcliffe Square.

   • 2011 February 4, Gareth Roberts, “Wales 19 – 26 England”, in BBC Sport‎, archived from the original on 14 February 2021:

     The wing outstripped Mark Cueto, but [Ben] Foden's excellent cover tackle killed the threat.

2. (figuratively) To exceed or surpass (someone or something).

   Synonyms: outdo, transcend; see also Thesaurus:transcend

   This year’s production has already outstripped last year’s.

   • c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

     Death and deſtruction dogge thee at the heeles, / Thy Mothers name is ominous to children, / If thou wilt outſtrip death, go croſſe the ſeas, / And liue with Richmond, from the reach of hell, […]

   • 1594, Tho[mas] Nashe, “The Vnfortunate Traueller”, in The Vnfortunate Traueller. Or, The Life of Iacke Wilton, London: […] T. Scarlet for C[uthbert] Burby, […], →OCLC:

     [A]s the eſtrich, the moſt burning ſighted bird of all others, inſomuch as the female of them hatcheth not her egs by couering them, but by the effectual rayes of her eyes, as he, I ſay, outſtrippeth the nimbleſt trippers of his feathered condition and footmanſhip, onely ſpurd on with the needle quickning goade vnder his ſide: ſo hee no leſſe burning ſighted than the eſtrich, ſpurde on to the race of honor by the ſweet rayes of his miſtres eyes, perſwaded himſelfe he ſhould outſtrip all other in running to the goale of glorie, only animated and incited by hir excellence.

   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 14, column 1:

     […] O Ferdinand, / Doe not ſmile at me, that I boaſt her of, / For thou ſhalt finde ſhe will out-ſtrip all praiſe / And make it halt, behinde her.

   • a. 1634 (date written), George Herbert, “Lilies of the Temple”, in Alexander B[alloch] Grosart, editor, The Complete Works in Verse and Prose of George Herbert. […] (The Fuller Worthies’ Library), volume II (Verse), London: […] [Robson and Sons] for private circulation, published 1874, →OCLC, section II (Love), stanza 1, page 23, lines 1–6:

     Thou art too hard for me in Love; / There is no dealing w Thee in that Art, / That is Thy Masterpeece, I see. / When I contrive and plott to prove / Something that may be conquest on my part, / Thou still, O Lord, outstrippest mee.

   • 1832, [James Fenimore Cooper], chapter XII, in The Heidenmauer; or, The Benedictines. A Legend of the Rhine. […], volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: [Henry Charles] Carey & [Isaac] Lea […], →OCLC, page 163:

     Thy zeal outstrippeth the limbs of a weary man, brother.

   • 1842, Martin Farquhar Tupper, “Of Immortality”, in Proverbial Philosophy: A Book of Thoughts and Arguments, Originally Treated (Second Series), London: J[ohn] Hatchard and Son, […], →OCLC, page 185:

     We shall not die, but live,—and, of his grace, we love! / For, in the mysteries of Mercy, the One fore-knowing Spirit / Outstrippeth reason's halting choice, and winneth men to Him: […]

   • 1858, Saxe Bannister, William Paterson, the Merchant Statesman, and Founder of the Bank of England: His Life and Trials, page 337:

     [B]ut it is plain that this potent nation, which now for more than half an age has not only come up with, but outstript others in several things—but especially in the arts of war, intriguing, and taxing—has been far enough from having the same success in matters trade, and in designs to those more remote places of the world.

   • 1858, S[amuel] F[ales] Dunlap, “Sun-worship”, in Vestiges of the Spirit-history of Man, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, […], →OCLC, page 60:

     Thou, Surya, outstrippest all in speed; thou art visible to all; thou art the source of light; thou shinest throughout the entire firmament.

   • 1859, Charles Dickens, “Fifty-two”, in A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book III (The Track of a Storm), page 241:

     All the time, our overfraught hearts are beating at a rate that would far outstrip the fastest gallop of the fastest horses ever foaled.

   • 1963 October, G[eoffrey] Freeman Allen, R. K. Evans, “The Japanese National Railways and the New Tokaido Line”, in Modern Railways, Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allen Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 239:

     With a population that has risen by over 25 per cent since 1940 to over 10m, Tokyo has now outstripped London as the world's largest city.

   • 1998, Eric Murphy Selinger, What is it Then Between Us?: Traditions of Love in American Poetry, →ISBN:

     Like Christ, he comes as a physician ("I am he bringing help fo the sick as they pant on their backs"); and though he insists on visiting "strong upright men" as well, I find those visits as purely rhetorical as his questions to a too-self-satisfied reader: "Have you outstript the rest? Are you the President? / It is a trifle."

   • 2009, Linda Acredolo, Susan Goodwyn, “Introducing the Baby Signs Program”, in Baby Signs: How to Talk to Your Baby before Your Baby Can Talk, 3rd edition, New York, N.Y.; Chicago, Ill.: McGraw Hill, →ISBN, pages 13–14:

     [Y]our baby can easily learn simple signs for objects, events, feelings, and needs. With these signs literally at your baby's fingertips, communication between you can flourish during that difficult time from about six to thirty months, when your baby's desire to communicate outstrips his capacity to say words.

   • 2009 September 22, Gerry Connolly (Virginia), “Democratic Freshman Class Hour on Health Care”, in Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the 111th Congress, First Session (United States House of Representatives), volume 155, part 16, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 22291, column 1:

     [T]he average increase in insurance premiums over the last decade was 138 percent, far outstripping the rate of inflation and far outstripping, as you point out, the growth in wages and income.

   • 2011 December 19, Kerry Brown, “Kim Jong-il obituary”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 6 May 2021:

     Kim [Jong Il] was educated at the newly founded university in Pyongyang, named after his father [Kim Il Sung], graduating in 1964. The 1960s and early 1970s were the golden years for the DPRK. It undertook rapid industrialisation, economically outstripped its southern competitor, and enjoyed the support of both the People's Republic of China, and the Soviet Union.

   • 2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real rail wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 53:

     It also singled out ten routes (all closed except Leeds-Bradford/Ilkley) to show how costs outstripped earnings, without mention of what through-journey revenue they generated for the main lines to which they were connected.

3. (archaic, rare) To exceed or overstep (a boundary or limit); to transgress.
   • 1610 (first performance), Ben[jamin] Jonson, The Alchemist, London: […] Thomas Snodham, for Walter Burre, and are to be sold by Iohn Stepneth, […], published 1612, →OCLC, Act V, scene v:

     Therefore Gentlemen, / And kinde Spectators, if I haue out-ſtript / An old mans gratuitie, or ſtrict canon, thinke / What a yong Wife, and a good Brayne may doe: / Stretch Ages truth ſometimes, and crack it too.

   • 2005 July, Will Staeger, Painkiller, New York, N.Y.: HarperTorch, HarperCollinsPublishers, published May 2006, →ISBN, page 13:

     Still, he thought that if Roy happened to expand his kingdom, outstripping that self-imposed nickname of his, it'd be nice to have the man on his list.

Conjugation

派生語

• outstripper

参照

アナグラム

• strip out, suitport, trips out