synonymyとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From French synonymie and its etymon Late Latin synōnymia, from Ancient Greek συνωνυμία (sunōnumía), from συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “of like name”) + -ία (-ía, abstract noun suffix). By surface analysis, synonym +‎ -y or syn- +‎ -onymy. Doublet of synonymia.

発音

• IPA: /sɪˈnɒnəmi/

名詞

synonymy (countable and uncountable, plural synonymies)

1. (semantics) A certain degree of similarity between the meaning(s) of several (synonymous) words or phrases. (See Usage notes below.)

   Synonyms: homosemy (2000× less common), synonymity (10× less common), synonymousness (600× less common')

   Antonyms: nonsynonymy; antonymy

   Coordinate terms: antiphrasis; cohyponymy, coordination, coordinateness; parasynonymy, plesionymy; comeronymy; metonymy; synechdoche

2. A list or collection of synonyms, often compared and contrasted.
3. (rhetoric) The use of synonyms to clarify or explain one's meaning.

   Synonyms: interpretatio, interpreter (obsolete), synonymia

4. The study of synonyms.

   Synonym: synonymics

5. A system of synonyms. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
6. (taxonomy) The state of not being the name to be used, of being a synonym.

   sink into synonymy

   In 1924 this name was reduced to synonymy.

7. (taxonomy, by extension) A group or list of synonyms.

   The synonymy of Tachina is extensive.

   Descriptions are followed by a synonymy of the names that have been applied in the literature .

使用する際の注意点

Defining the main sense of synonymy (#1) precisely is difficult. Lexical synonymy can be considered polysemous; since synonymy is relative, linguists distinguish between absolute synonymy and partial synonymy, and many consider synonyms on a spectrum which has no agreed-upon scale. Partial synonymy itself encompasses multiple types of synonymy, with different names and definitions depending on the analytical framework, such as cognitive synonymy, descriptive synonymy, full synonymy, complete synonymy and total synonymy. For more information, see the Further reading section.

関連する語

• synonym
• synonymia

参照

Further reading

• On Cognitive Synonymy, bachelor’s diploma thesis by Petra Šklíbová
• Different Kinds of Synonymy in Language, seminar paper by Klaus-Bernhard Vomend