venireとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Shortening of Latin venīre faciās, the opening words of a writ.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /vɪˈnʌɪ.ə.ɹiː/
• (General American) IPA: /vɛˈni.ɹeɪ/
• ハイフネーション: ve‧ni‧re

名詞

venire (plural venires)

1. (law) A writ of venire facias.
   • 1729, Giles Jacob, A New Law-dictionary Containing the Interpretation and Definition of Words and Terms Used in the Law; […], In the Savoy [London]: Printed by E. and R. Nutt, and R. Gosling, (Assigns of E. Sayer, Esq;) for J. and J. Knapton [et al.], →OCLC, page [704]:

     [W]here a Venire omits Part of the Iſſue, or any of the Parties; if a Juror is named in the Habeas Corpora, by a Name different from that in the Venire; or a Juror return'd on ſuch a Panel is omitted in the Habeas Corpora; or a Venire or Diſtringas are iſſued without any Award on the Roll to warrant them; it will be ill, and is ſaid to be a Diſcontinuance.

   • 1817, T[homas] B[ayly] Howell, Thomas Jones Howell, “582. Proceedings on the Trial of an Information, filed Ex-Officio by his Majesty's Attorney General, against John Lambert, James Perry, and James Gray, for a Seditious Libel. […]”, in A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and other Crimes and Misdemeanors from the Earliest Period to the Year 1783: […], volume XXII (volume I of the continuation), London: Printed by T. C. Hansard, […]: For Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown [et al.], →OCLC, page 979/980:

     The crown may have as many venires as it pleases. Suppose there had been no venire at all, would a defence have aided that error? In the case of Young and Watson there was no return to the venire, and yet there was held error after verdict. The Court might have granted a new rule after the old one was expired, and a venire de novo would have issued in that case, 2 Roll. Ab. 720, p. 2.

   • 1842 April 23, “Gee v. Swann”, in Montagu[e] Chambers, editor, The Law Journal Reports for the Year 1842: […], volumes XX (New Series – volume XI. Part II. Cases at Common Law), London: E. B. Ince, […], →OCLC, page 291:

     A venire de novo may be granted for a defect which does not appear on the record; as, for instance, if the jury improperly eat or drink before they deliver their verdict […] In Dovey v. Hobson […], the Court awarded a venire de novo where a juryman was sworn who had not been summoned. In Arundel's case […], a venire de novo was awarded where the jury had been summoned from a wrong county.

   • 1871, George W[illiam] Clinton, A Digest of the Reported Decisions at Law and in Equity, of the Courts of the State of New York, from Its Organization to the Year 1860, volume III, Albany, N.Y.: William Gould & Sons, →OCLC, pages 1941–1942:

     [page 1941] Where a venire has been issued, the justice cannot proceed to try the cause without a jury. Sebring v. Wheedon, 8 Johns. 460. Day v. Wilber, 2 Cai. 134. […] [page 1942] Where a venire is demanded by either party, the justice may deliver it himself to the constable, to be executed; but if he delivers it to the party, and he does not appear at the time to which the cause is adjourned for trial, and the venire is not returned, the justice may consider the suppression of the venire by the party as a waiver of the trial by jury, and proceed to hear and decide the cause himself, as if no venire had been demanded or issued. Coon v. Snyder, 19 Johns. 384.

2. (law, chiefly US) A group of persons summoned by a writ of venire facias to appear in court for jury selection.
   • 1986, D[avid] H. Kaye with Mikel Aickin, Statistical Methods in Discrimination Litigation (Statistics, Textbooks and Monographs; 69), New York, N.Y.: Marcel Dekker, Inc., →ISBN, pages 24–25:

     [T]he jury that in 1968 convicted the pediatrician Dr. Benjamin Spock and others protesting the Vietnam War of conspiring to violate the Military Service Act of 1967 by advocating the destruction of draft cards […] was devoid of women, largely because the venire from which this jury was formed contained only 9% women. A subsequent analysis of the distribution of the proportion of women in the venires of all the judges in the district showed that the venires for one judge – the Spock trial judge – had a distribution centered about an unusually low proportion of women.

   • 2012, Fred L. Ramsey, Daniel W. Schafer, The Statistical Sleuth: A Course in Methods of Data Analysis, 3rd edition, Boston, Mass.: Brooks/Cole, →ISBN, page 117:

     The Spock defense pointed to the venire for their trial, which contained only one woman. That woman was released by the prosecution, making an all-male jury. Defense argued that the judge in the trial had a history of venires in which women were systematically underrepresented, contrary to the law. They compared this district judge's recent venires with the venires of six other Boston area district judges.

   • 2014 January 21, Stephen Reinhardt, Circuit Judge, SmithKline Beecham Corporation, doing business as GlaxoSmithKline v. Abbott Laboratories‎, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, archived from the original on 6 September 2015, page 2:

     During jury selection, Abbott used its first peremptory strike against the only self-identified gay member of the venire. […] This appeal's central question is whether equal protection prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation in jury selection.

派生語

• venireman, venireperson

関連する語

• venire facias
• venire facias de novo

Further reading

• Venire facias on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• -verine, Nièvre, Vernie, envier, veiner, verine

動詞

venīre

1. present active infinitive of veniō

発音 2

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [weːˈniː.rɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [veˈniː.re]

動詞

vēnīre

1. present active infinitive of vēneō