e dとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (in verbs, past participles, and some denominal adjectives):
  • (after a vowel or a voiced consonant other than a /d/) enPR: d, IPA: /d/
  • (after a voiceless consonant other than a /t/) enPR: t, IPA: /t/
  • (after a /d/ or /t/) same as below
• (other denominal adjectives, archaic or poetic elsewhere):
  • (英国発音) enPR: ĭd, IPA: /ɪd/
  • (米国発音) enPR: ĭd, IPA: /ɪd/ or enPR: əd, IPA: /əd/
  • (General Australian) enPR: əd, IPA: /əd/

語源 1

From 中期英語 -ede, -eden, from 古期英語 -ode, -odon (class 2 weak past ending), from Proto-Germanic *-ōd-, *-ōdēdun. Cognate with Saterland Frisian -ede (“-ed”, first person singular past indicative ending), Low German -de (“-ed”, first and third person singular past indicative ending), Dutch -d (“-ed”), German -t (“-ed”), Swedish -ade (“-ed”), Icelandic -aði (“-ed”).

接尾辞

-ed

1. Used to form past tenses of (regular) verbs. In linguistics, it is used for the base form of any past form. See -t for a variant.

   ‎live + ‎-ed → ‎lived

   Once upon a time a little princess lived with her mother in a lonely castle.

   Jose phoned five minutes ago.

語源 2

From 中期英語 -ed, from 古期英語 -od (class 2 weak past participle), from Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz. Cognate with Saterland Frisian -ed.

接尾辞

-ed

1. Used to form past participles of (regular) verbs. See -en and -t for variants.

   ‎point + ‎-ed → ‎pointed

   He has pointed at the dog.

   There's the abandoned mineshaft.

語源 3

From 中期英語 -ed, from 古期英語 -od (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos. While identical in appearance to the past participle of class 2 weak verbs, this suffix was attached directly to nouns without any intervening verb. Cognate with Latin -ātus (whence also a doublet -ate).

接尾辞

-ed

1. Used to form possessional adjectives from nouns, in the sense of having the object represented by the noun.

   Antonym: -less

   ‎point + ‎-ed → ‎pointed

   ‎horn + ‎-ed → ‎horned

   ‎hoof + ‎-ed → ‎hooved

   ‎chagrin + ‎-ed → ‎chagrined

2. As an extension of the above, used to form possessional adjectives from adjective-noun pairs.

   ‎red + ‎hair + ‎-ed → ‎red-haired

   ‎left + ‎hand + ‎-ed → ‎left-handed

   ‎two + ‎prong(s) + ‎-ed → ‎two-pronged

派生語

参考

• -t
• -ing

アナグラム

• de-, D&E, dE, DE, de, De

語源 1

接尾辞

-ed

1. Used to form the past participle of class I weak verbs

   ‎fremman (“to perform”) + ‎-ed → ‎fremed (“performed”)

語源 2

接尾辞

-ed

1. alternative form of -od

   ‎æppel (“apple”) + ‎-ed → ‎æppled (“apple-shaped”)

接尾辞

-ed

1. Forms the past participle of weak verbs.

別の表記

• -et, -it, -t

語源 2

接尾辞

-ed

1. alternative form of -hede

参照

• “-(e)d, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

参考

アナグラム

• de-, D&E, dE, DE, de, De

名詞

ED (countable and uncountable, plural EDs)

1. Initialism of erectile dysfunction.
   • 2024 November 16, Kristen Holmes, Lauren Fox, Pamela Brown, Jamie Gangel and Steve Contorno, “Trump is determined to see Gaetz confirmed as AG despite controversies”, in CNN‎:

     “He’d brag about how he would crush ED medicine and chase it with an energy drink so he could go all night,” Mullin said.

2. Initialism of emergency department.

   Synonyms: A&E, ER

3. Initialism of elimination diet.
4. Initialism of eating disorder.
5. (television) Initialism of enhanced definition.

派生語

成句

ED

1. (cartography) Initialism of existence doubtful.

   Coordinate term: PD

固有名詞

ED

1. (US) Initialism of Education Department.

   Synonym: DOE (proscribed)

使用する際の注意点

• The United States Government reserves DOE for the Department of Energy and uses ED as the abbreviation for the Department of Education.

語源 2

Borrowed from Japanese ED(エンディング) (endingu), from English ending.

名詞

ED (usually uncountable, plural EDs)

1. (film, television) Abbreviation of ending theme (end title sequence).

   Coordinate term: OP

アナグラム

• de-, D&E, dE, DE, de, De