irritusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *ənratos, from *ən- + *ratos, whence also Latin ratus, past participle of *rēōr, whence Latin reor, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁er-.

別の表記

• inratus
• inritus

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɪr.rɪ.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈir.ri.t̪us]

形容詞

irritus (feminine irrita, neuter irritum, comparative irritior, superlative irritissimus, adverb irritē); first/second-declension adjective

1. invalid, void, null and void

   Synonyms: inānis, vānus

   • 121 CE, Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars VI 33:

     Certē omnibus rērum verbōrumque contumēliīs mortuum īnsectātus est, modo stultitiae modo saevitiae arguēns; nam et mōrārī eum dēsīsse inter hominēs prōductā prīmā syllabā iocābātur multaque dēcrēta et cōnstitūta, ut īnsipientis atque dēlīrī, prō irritīs habuit.

     He certainly blamed the dead one [Claudius] with all insults, of deeds and of words, sometimes reproving his stupidity, other times his cruelty; for he jested about him having ceased to be a fool among people (with a lengthened first syllable) as well as having many decrees and edicts of his void, as if those of an unwise and crazy one.

2. ineffective, useless, irrelevant

   Synonyms: incommodus, inūtilis, ineptus, ingrātus, grātuītus, īnfēlīx

   Antonyms: opportūnus, commodus, habilis, idōneus, conveniēns, ūtilis, ūtēnsilis, aptus, salūber

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses III.427:

     inrita fallaci quotiens dedit oscula fonti!

     How often he [Narcissus] gave futile kisses to the deceptive fountain!

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

• irritē
• irritō (verb)
• irritō (adverb)

派生した語

• → Italian: irrito (learned)
• Spanish: írrito

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɪrˈriː.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [irˈriː.t̪us]

名詞

irrītus m (genitive irrītūs); fourth declension

1. alternative form of hirrītus

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

参照

• “irritus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “irritus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to frustrate, nullify: ad irritum redigere aliquid
    
  • expectation is overthrown: spes ad irritum cadit, ad irritum redigitur
    
  • to annul, revoke a will: testamentum irritum facere, rumpere
    
  • a law is valid: lex rata est (opp. irrita)
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326