lustroとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɫuːs.troː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈlus.tro]

動詞

lūstrō (present infinitive lūstrāre, perfect active lūstrāvī, supine lūstrātum); first conjugation

1. to purify by means of a propitiatory sacrifice

   Synonym: perlūstrō

2. (figuratively) to circle, move in a circle around. (because the priest offering such sacrifice did so)
   • 9 CE, Ovid, The Ibis 111–112:

     Exul inops errēs aliēnaque līmina lūstrēs,
         exiguumque petās ōre tremente cibum.

     May you wander as a poor exile and go round others' thresholds,
         and ask with a trembling mouth for a bit of food.

3. to wander over, traverse, roam

   Synonyms: errō, pervagor, peragrō, vagor, discurrō, pererrō, perlūstrō, pālor

4. (military) to review, examine
5. to review, survey, observe, examine, reconnoiter, search, track, trace

   Synonyms: aspiciō, perlūstrō, recēnseō, circumspiciō, cōnspiciō, obeō, īnspiciō, arbitror, cōnsīderō, spectō, reputō, exsequor

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.564:

     “Respiciō et quae sit mē circum cōpia lūstrō.”

     “I look back and survey what force is there around me.”

6. to illuminate, make bright. (circling celestial bodies: sun, moon etc.)

   Synonyms: clārō, incendō

Conjugation

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

In sense 1, from lustra (“brothel, place of debauchery”) +‎ -ō (noun-forming suffix) (compare lustror (“to frequent brothels”)). Sense 2 is possibly a reinterpretation based on the alternative sense of lustra (“wilds, woods, forest”) or influenced by the etymologically unrelated verb lūstrō (“wander over, traverse, roam”) (see above).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɫʊs.troː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈlus.tro]

名詞

lustrō m (genitive lustrōnis); third declension (uncommon)

1. frequenter of brothels/places of ill repute
   • c. 270 BCE – c. 201 BCE, Gnaeus Naevius, Com 118:

     Pessimorum pessime, audax, ganeo lustro aleo!

     • 2017 translation by Amy Richlin

       Worst of the worst, bold, glutton, barfly, gambler

   • c. 270 BCE – c. 201 BCE, Gnaeus Naevius, Com 120:

     Vagus est et lustro

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. vagabond, wanderer, roamer
   • c. 1150 – 1180, Thesaurus novus Latinitatis 313, (first published by Angelo Mai in Auctores Classici Vol. 8; authorship now attributed to Osbernus of Gloucester):

     hic lustro, nis ·i· ille qui vagus est et nihil agit nisi fora lustrat, unde Naevius de quodam: vagus, inquit, est et lustro

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 1150 – 1180, Osbern of Gloucester, Derivationes 193:

     Errabundus, erratilis, vagus, lustrones, qui vagi sunt et instabiles

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

参照

Further reading

• “lustro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lustro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “lustro”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to scrutinise, examine closely: perlustrare, lustrare oculis aliquid
    
  • to review an army: recensere, lustrare, recognoscere exercitum (Liv. 42. 31)