-orとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 -our, from Old French -eor, from Latin -ātor; reinforced by Old French -or and its source, Latin -tor, -tōrem.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ə/
• (General American, Canada) enPR: ər, IPA: /ɚ/
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ə/
• 異形同音異義語: -er; -a (non-rhotic)

接尾辞

-or

1. Creates an agent noun, often from a verb, indicating a person or object (often machines or parts of them) that do the verb or part of speech with which they are formed.

   Synonyms: -er, (casual) -ster

   Hyponyms: -a, -ess, -ette, -trix

   Coordinate term: (converse form; one who receives from the actor) -ee

   ‎settle + ‎-or → ‎settlor

   ‎survive + ‎-or → ‎survivor

2. (electrical science) Appended to the names of members of classes of components, especially those that have an extensive property name of the same root suffixed with -ance

   Resistors possess resistance and inductors possess inductance.

使用する際の注意点

In Latin-derived words, English generally appends this suffix where Latin would do it—to the root of a perfect passive participle (i.e. past participle). For other words, English tends to use the suffix -er. Occasionally both are used (protester vs. protestor).

派生語

関連する語

• -er (alternative spelling)
• -trix (feminine form)

参考

• -ist

語源 2

From Latin -or.

接尾辞

-or

1. Used to form nouns of quality, state, or condition.

   ‎err + ‎-or → ‎error

アナグラム

• r/o, Ro, R&O, RO

語源 1

From Proto-Germanic *-ar-. Akin to Old High German -ar.

別の表記

• -er

接尾辞

-or

1. suffix forming adjectives from verbs denoting tendency or causation

   ‎*slīpan (“to slip, glide”) + ‎-or → ‎slipor (“slippery”)

   ‎wacian (“to be awake, be watchful”) + ‎-or → ‎wacor (“vigilant, watchful”)

派生した語

• English: -er

語源 2

From Proto-Germanic *-raz. Akin to Old Saxon -or, Old High German -ur.

接尾辞

-or

1. Suffix variant found on masculine a-stem nouns

   ‎ċeole (“throat”) + ‎-or → ‎ċeolor (“collar, throat”)

   ‎eald (“old”) + ‎-or → ‎ealdor (“chieftain, ruler”)

   ‎siġe (“victory”) + ‎-or → ‎sigor (“victory”)

   ‎telga (“branch, bough”) + ‎-or → ‎telgor (“branch, twig”)

   ‎dæġ (“day”) + ‎-or → ‎dōgor (“day”)

   ‎sele (“hall”) + ‎-or → ‎salor (“hall, palace”)

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

語源 3

接尾辞

-or

1. Forms the comparative degree of adverbs

   ‎hearde (“severely”) + ‎-or → ‎heardor (“more severely”)

   ‎trumlīċe (“firmly”) + ‎-or → ‎trumlīcor (“more firmly”)

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *-ōs, from Proto-Indo-European *-ōs, for original *-oss, compound suffix from *(é)-os (athematic) (neuter s-stem) +‎ *-s (masculine nominative).

The ō from the nominative case was made common to all cases originally with non-ablauting o (the three exceptions were arbor, mulier and Cerēs). Afterwards nom.sg. -ōr > -or, by Latin sound laws. Thus paradoxically, as in other r-stems (soror, -tor), in the resulting paradigm the one form with a short stem vowel is the only form whose stem was etymologically long.

接尾辞

-or m (genitive -ōris); third declension

1. used to form a third-declension masculine abstract noun from a verb root or conceived root form

   Synonyms: -ēs, -us

   ‎amō (“to love”) + ‎-or → ‎amor (“love”)

   ‎timeō (“to fear”, “to be afraid”) + ‎-or → ‎timor (“fear”)

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

• Italo-Romance: m
  • Italian: -ore
• Gallo-Romance: f
  • Catalan: -or
  • Franco-Provençal: -or
  • French: -eur
  • Occitan: -or
• Ibero-Romance: m
  • Spanish: -or

参考

• -ātor
• -tor (-sor)

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

接尾辞

-or

1. first-person singular present passive indicative of -ō (first conjugation)

語源 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

接尾辞

-or

1. first-person singular present passive indicative of -ō (third conjugation)

参照

接続詞

OR

1. (logic) Inclusive or; either one proposition or the other is true or both.
2. (computer science) A lexical symbol to implement inclusive or in a computer language.
3. (electrical engineering) A logic gate to implement inclusive or.

名詞

OR (uncountable)

1. (logic) The binary operator inclusive or, true if one at least one of two inputs is true. In infix notation.
   • 2022 August 4, William Bahn, “Boolean Algebra Laws—Delving Into Boolean Identities”, in All About Circuits‎:

     The proof (Tables 9 and 10) of idempotence for both OR and AND follows from examining the definition of each operation under the constraint that both inputs have the same value.

同意語

• ∨

反意語

• NOR

参考

• AND
• XOR
• NAND
• NOT

名詞

OR (countable and uncountable, plural ORs)

1. (healthcare, countable) Initialism of operating room.
   • 1998, Rushmore, 00:27:55

     Max Fischer: I like your nurse's uniform, guy. -- Dr. Peter Flynn: These are O.R. scrubs. -- Max Fischer: Oh, are they?

2. (Philippines, accounting, business, countable) Initialism of official receipt.
3. (sciences, uncountable) Initialism of operations research.
4. (sports, countable) Initialism of Olympic Record.

   Coordinate terms: OB, WR, CR, TR, NR, MR

5. (anatomy, countable) Initialism of odorant receptor.
6. (anatomy, countable) Initialism of olfactory receptor.
7. (chiefly Wikimedia jargon) Initialism of original research.
8. (military) Initialism of other ranks.

固有名詞

OR

1. (postal) Abbreviation of Oregon: a state of the United States.
2. Abbreviation of Orissa, former name of Odisha: a state of India.

アナグラム

• r/o, Ro, R&O, RO

接頭辞

or-

1. (no longer productive) From the outset; original; out; out of; without.

   ordalian, ordeal, orlay, ort

派生語

参照

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “or-”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• r/o, Ro, R&O, RO

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”), from unstressed Proto-Indo-European *uss-, from *uds- (“up, out”). Cognate with Old High German ur-, ir-, ar-, er-. More at out.

発音

• IPA: /ˈor/

接頭辞

or-

1. original
2. former
3. ex-, out of
4. without, lacking
5. causing deprivation, privative

派生語

• oreald
• orwēna (“without hope, hopeless”)

派生した語

• Middle English: or-
  • English: or-