Purpuraとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɜːpjʊɹə/

名詞

purpura (countable and uncountable, plural purpuras)

1. (pathology) The appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch when pressure is applied, caused by subdermal bleeding.

派生語

発音

• purpura:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpʊr.pʊ.ra]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpur.pu.ra]
• purpurā:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpʊr.pʊ.raː]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpur.pu.ra]

名詞

purpura f (genitive purpurae); first declension

1. the purple-fish, a species of shellfish or mussel
   • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 9.60.125:

     Purpurae vivunt annis plurimum septenis. latent sicut murices circa canis ortum tricenis diebus. congregantur verno tempore mutuoque attritu lentorem cuiusdam cerae salivant.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. the color purple, associated with nobility, power and thus, luxury (see for exemple Laticlave)
   • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.62.145:

     Maior traditur mas [hedera] et corpore et folio, duriore etiam ac pinguiore et flore ad purpuram accedente; […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.273–275:

     namque uno ingentem tollit de caespite silvam,
     aureus ipse, sed in foliis, quae plurima circum
     funduntur, violae sublucet purpura nigrae

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (transferred senses):
   1. an insignia of this color, worn by the kings, high magistrates and finally, by the emperors
      • 56 BCE, Cicero, Pro Sestio 26:

        […] : de hoc nihil cogitante, nihil suspicante, eisdem operis suffragium ferentibus, est rogatum ut sedens cum purpura et sceptro et illis insignibus regiis praeconi publico subiceretur, et imperante populo Romano, qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit, rex amicus nulla iniuria commemorata, nullis rebus repetitis, cum bonis omnibus publicaretur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 2.493–496:

        fortunatus et ille deos qui nouit agrestis
        Panaque Siluanumque senem Nymphasque sorores.
        illum non populi fasces, non purpura regum
        flexit et infidos agitans discordia fratres, […]

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   2. (pars pro re) a lofty station, high dignity

      Hypernyms: officium, munus, honor

      • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.79–81:

        Vestibus intactis Tarpeias itur in arces,
        et populus festo concolor ipse suo est,
        iamque novi praeeunt fasces, nova purpura fulget,
        et nova conspicuum pondera sentit ebur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • 61 CE – 65 CE, Lucan, Pharsalia 7.228:

        Sicci sed plurima campi
        Tetrarchae regesque tenent magnique tyranni,
        Atque omnis Latio quae servit purpura ferro.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   3. any garment of this color, not necessarily precious
      • 56 BCE, Cicero, Pro Sestio 8.19:

        Vestitus aspere nostra hac purpura plebeia ac paene fusca, capillo ita horrido ut Capua, in qua ipsa tum imaginis ornandae causa duumviratum gerebat, Seplasiam sublaturus videretur.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   4. any precious, valuable object; luxury

      Synonyms: aurum, gemmae; luxuriēs

      • c. 186 BCE, Plautus, Aulularia 2.1.48–50:

        Istas magnas factiones, animos, dotes dapsiles,
        clamores, imperia, eburata vehicla, pallas, purpuram,
        nil moror quae in servitutem sumptibus redigunt viros.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      • c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 5.1423–1424:

        Tunc igitur pelles, nunc aurum et purpura curis
        exercent hominum vitam belloque fatigant; […]

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

語形変化

First-declension noun.

関連する語

派生した語

名詞

purpurā

1. ablative singular of purpura

Further reading

• “purpura”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “purpura”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "purpura", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “purpura”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “purpura”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers