American quotationとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

American quotation (uncountable)

1. A system of quotation, preferred by most American publishers and most fiction publishers, wherein: a) double quotation marks are used for quotations and most other purposes, while single quotation marks are used for quotations within quotations; and b) terminal punctuation marks are enclosed within a quotation (かつ within most other uses of quotation marks) even if not part of the original material being quoted. Also frequently used in Canada. Various exceptions may be made by publishers that normally adhere to this style (see next two entries). It is the opposite of Oxford quotation in both respects.
2. (In a narrower context.) A system of quotation wherein double quotation marks are used for quotations and most other purposes, while single quotation marks are used for quotations within quotations. Despite this label, it is actually used in much non-US journalism and fiction. Exceptions include the use of single quotes for, e.g., glosses in linguistics, the names of cultivars in botany, terms of art in philosophy, etc.
3. (In a narrower context.) Synonym of typesetters' quotation A system of quotation wherein terminal punctuation marks are enclosed within a quotation (かつ within most other uses of quotation marks) even if not part of the original material being quoted. Despite this label, it is actually used in some non-US and non-UK journalism, as well as much non-US fiction. (See typesetters' quotation for additional details, including usage notes, かつ additional exceptions for computer source code かつ commands, かつ for textual criticism.)

別の表記

• American convention (of quotation)
• American practice (in quotation)
• American punctuation
• American quotation style
• American style (of quotation)
• American-style quotation
• American system (of quotation)
• American usage (of quotation punctuation)
• American way (of punctuating quotations)

同意語

Of sense 3:

• typesetters' quotation

反意語

Of sense 1:

• Oxford quotation

Of sense 2:

• British quotation, sense 2

Of sense 3:

• British quotation, sense 1
• logical quotation

使用する際の注意点

American quotation and its lengthier variants (American-style quotation, etc.) may convey the broad sense or either of the narrow senses, depending upon context, even in the same work.

参照

• The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed. (2010).
• R. W. Burchfield (reviser), Henry Watson Fowler (2004), “quotation marks”, in Fowler's Modern English Usage, Revised Third edition, ISBN 978-0-198610-21-2, page 646–647:

  Relative placing of quotation marks and other punctuation. All signs of punctuation used with words in quotation marks must be place according to the sense. If an extract ends with a point or exclamation or interrogation sign, let that point be included before the closing quotation mark; but not otherwise. ... In regard to other marks, when a comma, full point, colon, or semicolon is required at the end of a quotation, there is no reason for perpetuating the bad practice of their undiscriminating inclusion within the quotation marks at the end of an extract. ... American English. The most significant difference of practice is that ... American publishers would normally place the final quotation mark outside the full point

• David Marsh (2011-05-19), “'The British style'? 'The American way?' They are not so different”, in (Please provide the title of the work)‎^[1], London: Guardian Media Group, retrieved 2015-09-24:

  [I]s it really a simple choice between "the British style" and "the American way"? A trawl through the style guides suggests things are a little more complex than that. ... [T]he first example conforms to American usage. The second example – what Yagoda calls "the British style" – applies only when part of a quotation is given .... "Carefree," in general, means "free from care or anxiety." (米国用法 practice) ... The Guardian would follow the so-called American practice, and I think many British publications would agree with us.

• Ben Yagoda (2011-05-12), “The Rise of 'Logical Punctuation'. The period outside the quotation marks is not a copy error.”, in (Please provide the title of the work)‎^[2], Washington, DC, US: Washington Post Company, retrieved 2011-10-23: “[T]he vast majority of the legion of logical punctuators are not consciously rejecting illogical American style, or consciously imitating the British.”
• Mark Nichol (2011), “Logical Punctuation Isn’t the Logical Choice”, in Daily Writing Tips‎^[3], retrieved 2015-09-04: “An American university professor recently wrote a piece for the online publication Slate about the illogic of the American system of punctuating in conjunction with quotation marks.”

Further reading

• Quotation marks in English on Wikipedia.