US$とは 意味・読み方・使い方

略号

US$

1. The currency symbol for the United States dollar.

   Synonyms: U$, USD

   • 2019 June 4, “Global Vertical Lift Module (VLM) Market Will Register at a CAGR of 7.58% by 2025, Predicts QY Research”, in PR Newswire‎, United States, archived from the original on 8 September 2025:

     The global vertical lift module (VLM) market is expected to be valued at US$ 595.86 mn by 2025 from US$ 358.15 mn in 2018. The market will register at a CAGR of 7.58% throughout the forecast period.

接尾辞

-us

1. alternative form of -ous

語源 2

接尾辞

-us

1. (West Midland) alternative form of -es.

参照

語源 1

From Old Latin -os, from Proto-Italic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os (adjectival ending). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ος (-os), Proto-Germanic *-az, Icelandic -ur, Sanskrit -अः (-aḥ), Proto-Slavic *-ъ.

接尾辞

-us m or f or n (genitive -ī); second declension

1. usual nominative singular ending of second declension masculine nouns or adjectives
   1. (somewhat popular) used as a derivational suffix to form compound agent nouns

      ‎piscis (“fish”) + ‎capiō (“to grasp, catch”) + ‎-us → ‎piscicapus (“a fishcatcher, fisher”)

      ‎via (“road; way”) + ‎curō (“to take care”) + ‎-us → ‎viocūrus (“a road overseer”)

   2. (New Latin) used to Latinize names (generally male) that end in consonants

      ‎Kepler + ‎-us → ‎Keplerus

2. (rare) usual nominative singular ending of second declension feminine nouns
3. (very rare) nominative/accusative singular ending of a handful of second declension neuter nouns:

   vīrus (“a poisonous or acrid secretion”); vulgus (“common people”); pelagus (“sea”)

使用する際の注意点

A number of second-declension nouns and adjectives end in -er rather than -us in the masculine nominative singular. All such words have stems that end in -er- or in a consonant + -r-, such as liber (stem libr-), alabaster (stem alabastr-), puer (stem puer-)). These words also omit the ending -e in the vocative singular. A few of these words, such as puer, have alternative nominative and vocative singular forms that end in -us and -e instead.

A few exceptional words have a second-declension masculine nominative singular that ends in -r- preceded by a short vowel other than -e-, such as the noun vir and the adjective satur. These likewise form their vocative singular identically to the nominative singular (without adding -e).

語形変化

派生語

接尾辞

-us (feminine -a, neuter -um); first/second-declension suffix

1. used to derive adjectives from other parts of speech
   1. suffixed to noun stems
      1. derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like "having (noun)"; most productive in New Latin

         Synonym: -is

         Near-synonym: -ātus

         ‎bī- (“two”) + ‎hiems (“winter”) + ‎-us → ‎bīmus (“two-year-old”)

         ‎in- (privative prefix) + ‎animus (“soul, life”) + ‎-us → ‎inanimus (“lifeless, inanimate”)

      2. (rare) derives relational adjectives

         Synonyms: -icus; -eus, -īnus

         ‎Hibēr (“Iberian”, noun) + ‎-us → ‎Hibērus (“Iberian”, adjective)

         ‎Marōnēa (“the Thracian city of Maronea”) + ‎-us → ‎Marōnēus (“Maronean; of Maronea”)

         ‎vesper (“evening”) + ‎-us → ‎vesperus (“evening, of the evening”)

         ‎sūcinum (“amber”) + ‎-us → ‎sūcinus (“amber, of amber”)

   2. -ing: suffixed to verb stems, derives adjectives (often compound) with a sense like "doing/that does (verb)"

      Synonym: -uus

      ‎invideō (“to be jealous of, envy; to look askance at (someone)”) + ‎-us → ‎invidus (“envious; hostile”)

      ‎sonō (“to sound”) + ‎-us → ‎-sonus (“-sounding”)

      ‎dīcō (“to say”) + ‎-us → ‎-dicus (“-saying”)

使用する際の注意点

• See notes above regarding the masculine nominative singular.
• Adjectives in -us derived from verbs do not necessarily use the present stem: some use a distinct stem built on the verb's root, as in vēridicus (“truth-saying”) with different vowel length from dīcō because of ablaut, or saxifragus (“stone-breaking”), without the nasal infix of frangō.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective, with locative.

派生語

語源 2

Generally from Proto-Indo-European *-os (suffix forming neuter s-stem nouns from verbs), as in genus n from *ǵénh₁os n (“race”). Not a productive derivational suffix in historical Latin. (However, De Vaan cites pondus n and possibly vellus n as formations that may date to a prehistoric stage of the Latin language.) The plural and oblique case forms have -r- as the result of the sound change of rhotacism. Additionally, in many words, the oblique stem has the vowel -ĕ- (as in generis), which is generally taken to be the phonetically regular development of the Proto-Indo-European forms. Some words, such as decus, decoris, instead have -ŏ- in the oblique stem; this is the result of analogical introduction of the rounded vowel from the nominative/accusative singular form.

接尾辞

-us n

1. nominative/accusative/vocative singular ending of some neuter nouns in the third declension

使用する際の注意点

Most, but not all third-declension nouns that end in -us in the nominative singular are neuter. Exceptions include feminine Venus (“the goddess Venus”) and masculine lepus (“hare”). Venus, Veneris is feminine due to being used as the proper name of a female animate being, despite originally ending in the neuter noun-forming suffix (compare the cognate Sanskrit वनस् n (vánas, “loveliness, desire”)). The masculine noun lepus, leporis (“hare”) is of unknown etymology; as a rule, Latin animal names are almost never neuter.

語形変化

派生した語

From the plural -ora:

• Romanian: -uri (final vowel replaced due to analogy with feminine plural forms)
• Sicilian: -ura, -ira, -ara

語源 3

Not a single suffix, but an ending of various miscellaneous origins. In most fourth-declension words, the final -us evolved from Old Latin -us, from Proto-Italic *-us, from Proto-Indo-European *-us as the final part of Proto-Indo-European *-tus (suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots).

接尾辞

-us m or f

1. nominative/vocative singular ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension

語形変化

接尾辞

-ūs

1. genitive singular ending of nouns in the fourth declension
2. nominative/vocative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension
3. accusative plural ending of non-neuter nouns in the fourth declension

参考

• -tus

語源 4

From Proto-Indo-European *-os, a genitive singular ending for athematic nouns (an o-grade alternative to e-grade *-es, which developed to the usual Latin third-declension genitive singular ending -is).

接尾辞

-us

1. (rare) alternative genitive singular ending for nouns of the third declension

使用する際の注意点

A relic form attested exclusively in inscriptions that are dated up through first-century AD graffiti in Pompeii. Its sparse attestations are not restricted to official texts: some examples are found in less elevated documents such as graffiti and pottery inscriptions. This suggests the ending may have initially survived to some extent in dialectal use. However, it may have been used as a stylistic archaism in legal contexts after it became obsolete in general. A genitive singular ending derived from *-os seems to have occurred in Faliscan as well as sporadically in Latin.

参照

• “-us” on page 2,108/2 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

アナグラム

• SU, Su

名詞

U/S

1. (medicine) Abbreviation of ultrasound.

   Alternative forms: US, u/s

アナグラム

• SU, Su

使用する際の注意点

• Opinions vary regarding the use of apostrophes when forming the plurals of letters of the alphabet. New Fowler's Modern English Usage, after noting that the usage has changed, states on page 602 that "after letters an apostrophe is obligatory." The 15th edition of The Chicago Manual of Style states in paragraph 7.16, "To avoid confusion, lowercase letters ... form the plural with an apostrophe and an s". The Oxford Style Manual on page 116 advocates the use of common sense.

アナグラム

• SU, Su