poleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 pole, pal, from 古期英語 pāl (“a pole, stake, post; a kind of hoe or spade”), from Proto-West Germanic *pāl (“pole”), from Latin pālus (“stake, pale, prop, stay”), perhaps from Old Latin *paxlos, from Proto-Italic *pākslos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to nail, fasten”). Doublet of peel, pale, and palus.

名詞

pole (plural poles)

1. Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.
   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     For a spell we done pretty well. Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand.

   • 2019, Abby Chava Stein, Becoming Eve, Seal Press, page 26:

     There she was, walking around with an IV pole, and we were only told that "Mommy isn't feeling so well, so she has to be connected to a special soda."

2. A construction by which an animal is harnessed to a carriage.

   Synonyms: carriage pole, beam, shaft, drawbar

   Meronyms: pole-guard, pole-hook, pole-hound, pole-pad, pole-pin, pole-pin-strap, pole-plate, pole-ring, pole-screen, pole-socket, pole-stop, pole-strap

3. (fishing) A type of basic fishing rod.
4. A long sports implement used for pole-vaulting; now made of glassfiber or carbon fiber, formerly also metal, bamboo and wood have been used.
5. (slang, spotting) A telescope used to identify birds, aeroplanes or wildlife.
6. (historical) A unit of length, equal to a rod (⁄₄ chain or 5+⁄₂ yards).
7. (motor racing) A pole position.
8. (US, African-American Vernacular, slang) A rifle.
9. (vulgar, slang) A penis.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:stick
• (unit of length): rod

派生語

動詞

pole (third-person singular simple present poles, present participle poling, simple past and past participle poled)

1. To propel by pushing with poles, to push with a pole.

   Huck Finn poled that raft southward down the Mississippi because going northward against the current was too much work.

2. To identify something quite precisely using a telescope.

   He poled off the serial of the Gulfstream to confirm its identity.

3. (transitive) To furnish with poles for support.

   to pole beans or hops

4. (transitive) To convey on poles.

   to pole hay into a barn

5. (transitive) To stir, as molten glass, with a pole.
6. (transitive, baseball) To strike (the ball) very hard.
   • 2007, Tony Silvia, Baseball Over the Air:

     Long had poled the ball into the lower deck in right center.

7. (transitive, metallurgy) To treat (copper) by blowing natural gas or other reducing agent through the molten oxide, burning off the oxygen.

   to pole copper

語源 2

From Middle French pole, pôle, from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “axis of rotation”).

名詞

pole (plural poles)

1. Either of the two points on the earth's surface around which it rotates; also, similar points on any other rotating object.
2. A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).
3. (figuratively, by extension) Any of a small set of extremes; especially, either of two extremes that are possible or available.

   In discussing alternatives to the polar extremes, Professor Nguyen mentioned two poles of a filthy floor versus a sterile surgical site.

   • 1929, Abraham Zevi Idelsohn, Jewish Music: Its Historical Development, page 194:

     Genuine music is the offspring of profound emotion: of exaltation, pain, or joy. Music produced outside of a situation between these poles of the human heart is of banal character, bloodless, watery.

4. (geometry) A fixed point relative to other points or lines.
5. (electricity) A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.
6. (complex analysis) For a meromorphic function ${\displaystyle f(z)}$, any point ${\displaystyle a}$ for which ${\displaystyle f(z)\rightarrow \infty }$ as ${\displaystyle z\rightarrow a}$.

   The function ${\displaystyle f(z)={\frac {1}{z-3}}}$ has a single pole at ${\displaystyle z=3}$.

7. (obsolete) The firmament; the sky.
   • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:

     And the slope sun his upward beam / Shoots against the dusky pole,

     page 211

8. Either of the states that characterize a bipolar disorder.

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “complex analysis”): zero

派生語

動詞

pole (third-person singular simple present poles, present participle poling, simple past and past participle poled)

1. (transitive) To induce piezoelectricity in (a substance) by aligning the dipoles.

派生語

アナグラム

• LEPO, lope, olpe, pleo-

語源

From 古期英語 pāl, from Latin pālus.

発音

• IPA: /pɔːl/, /pɔl/

名詞

pole (plural poles)

1. pole, stake, staff

派生した語

• English: pole
• Scots: pale, pall
• Yola: pulmere

参照

• “pōl(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

参照

• "pole", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “pole”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers