setbackとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Deverbal from set back. Compare drawback.

発音

• IPA: /ˈsɛtbæk/
• 韻: -ɛtbæk

名詞

setback (plural setbacks)

1. An obstacle, delay, disadvantage, or blow (an adverse event which slows down, or prevents progress towards a desired outcome).

   Synonyms: rebuff, reversal

   After some initial setbacks, the expedition went safely on its way.

   • 1996, “Return to Grace”, in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, season 4, episode 14 (Science Fiction), →OCLC:

     DUKAT: I blame no one but myself. I was indiscreet. I compromised myself and have been punished accordingly. If someone under my command had behaved so outrageously, I would do the same thing to him. Besides, I assure you, this is only a temporary setback. Everything I have lost, I will regain. It's only a matter of time.

   • 2021 November 17, Nop Meechukhun, “Thailand’s Constitutional Court rules Section 1448 of heterosexual marriages lawful, LGBTQ rights groups ‘disappointed’”, in The Pattaya News‎, Bangkok: The Pattaya News Company Limited, retrieved 17 November 2021:

     The Constitutional Court has ruled today, November 17th, that Section 1448 of the Thai Civil and Commercial, stating that “a marriage can take place only between a man and a woman”, is constitutional under the Thai constitutional law. This decision could be a major setback for many Thai LGBTQ activist groups’ continued journey of what they call basic human rights to legally allow same-sex marriages in Thailand.

2. (by extension) Any adverse event, defeat, or impediment of progress.
3. (US) The required distance between a structure and a road.
4. (architecture) A step-like recession in a wall.

   Synonym: stepback

   Setbacks were initially used for structural reasons, but now are often mandated by land use codes.

5. An offset to the temperature setting of a thermostat to cover a period when more or less heating is required than usual.
   • 1980, Popular Science, volume 217, number 4:

     Fuel savings from thermostat setbacks have long been accepted as fact, but little documentation existed to support it.

6. (possibly archaic) A backset; a countercurrent; an eddy.
7. (archaic) A backset; a check; a repulse; a relapse.

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• backest, backets, backset

動詞

set back (third-person singular simple present sets back, present participle setting back, simple past and past participle set back)

1. (transitive) To delay or obstruct.

   Coordinate term: hold back

   I expect it will set us back by a day or so, but I think a side trip will be worthwhile.

   Having the mindset that you "can't" reach your goals is only going to set you back.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 51:

     “Well,” I answered, at first with uncertainty, then with inspiration, “he would do splendidly to lead your cotillon, if you think of having one.” ¶ “So you do not dance, Mr. Crocker?” ¶ I was somewhat set back by her perspicuity.

2. (transitive) To remove from or allow distance.

   Set it back from the road by twenty or thirty feet.

3. (transitive) To install or position behind a boundary or surface, or in a recess.

   Coordinate term: inset

   The statue was set back in a niche.

4. (transitive, idiomatic) To cost money.

   How much do you suppose that fancy dress set her back?

5. To reverse, go backwards.

   Coordinate terms: back out, back up, go back

   • 1939 December, John D. Hewitt, “Some Notable British Main Lines: II. Salisbury and Exeter, S.R.”, in Railway Magazine, page 412:

     Before the platforms were extended up to the actual junction, branch trains had to set back into a bay.

派生語

• setback (noun)

アナグラム

• backest, backets, backset