draucusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈdrau̯.kus/, [ˈd̪räu̯kʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈdrau̯.kus/, [ˈd̪räːu̯kus]

名詞

draucus m (genitive draucī); second declension

1. weightlifter, strongman, athlete, jock
   • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 1.96.12:

     Rogābit unde suspicer virum mollem.
     Ūnā lavāmur: aspicit nihil sūrsum,
     sed spectat oculīs dēvorantibus draucōs
     nec ōtiōsīs mentulās videt lābrīs.

     • 1993 translation by D. R. Shackleton Bailey

       He will ask how I come to suspect the man of effeminacy. We bathe together. He never looks up, but watches the athletes with devouring eyes and his lips work as he gazes at their cocks.

   • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 7.67.5:

     Pēdīcat puerōs tribas Philaenis
     et tentīgine saevior marītī
     ūndēnās dolat in diē puellās.
     Harpastō quoque subligāta lūdit
     et flāvēscit haphē, gravēsque draucīs
     haltēras facilī rotat lacertō

     • 1993 translation by D. R. Shackleton Bailey

       Lesbian Philaenis sodomizes boys and, more cruel than a husband’s lust, penetrates eleven girls per diem. She also plays with the harpastum high-girt, gets yellow with sand, and with effortless arm rotates weights that would tax an athlete

   • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 9.27.10:

     Occurrit aliquis inter ista sī draucus,
     iam paedagōgō līberātus et cuius
     refībulāvit turgidum faber pēnem,
     nūtū vocātum dūcis, et pudet fārī
     Catōniānā, Chrēste, quod facis linguā.

     • 1993 translation by D. R. Shackleton Bailey

       If, as this goes on, some young athlete comes your way, now freed from tutelage, whose swollen penis has been unpinned by the smith, you summon him with a nod and lead him off; and I shouldn’t like to say, Chrestus, what you do with your Catonian tongue.

   • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 11.72.1:

     Draucī Natta suī vorat pipinnam,
     collātus cui gallus est Priāpus.

     • 1993 translation by D. R. Shackleton Bailey

       Natta devours the willy of his young athlete, compared to whom Priapus is a eunuch.

   • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 14.48.1:

     Haec rapit Antaeī vēlōx in pulvere draucus,
     Grandia quī vānō colla labōre facit.

     • 1993 translation by D. R. Shackleton Bailey

       These the swift athlete, who makes his neck big by futile toil, snatches in Antaeus' dust.

2. (New Latin) sodomite

   Synonyms: pēdīcō, pēdīcātor

   • 1558, Giambattista della Porta, Magia naturalis , (rephrasing Seneca's wording, "cum virum ipse pateretur"):

     Talia fecit concava specula Hostius, ut refert Seneca, ut redderent maiorem iusto imaginem, qui quadra fuit libidinis magna, sic specula disponens, ut dum draucum pateretur, sui admissarii motus omnes aversus videret, talique falsa membri crassitie se ipsum fallens oblectaretur.

     Hostius made such concave mirrors, as Seneca relates, that they might show a larger image. Quadra was lustful, arranging the mirrors so that, while being penetrated by a sodomite, he might turn away and see all the movements of his stud, and take pleasure in the false thickness of his member, deceiving himself.

使用する際の注意点

Attested in ancient literature only in the poems of Martial, where the draucus is often presented as an object of male homosexual desire. For this reason, it was long interpreted by postclassical scholars as having a sense along the lines of "sodomite", and is defined as such in many dictionaries. Housman 1930 argues that this was not part of the word's inherent denotation in Classical Latin, citing Martial 7.67 and 14.48 as poems where this definition would not make sense, but a definition like "athlete" would. Nikolaev considers it to have had a sense similar to "stud, hunk", hence its absence from more elevated writing.

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

参照

Further reading

• “draucus” in volume 5, part 1, column 2067, line 47 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• “draucus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• draucus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.