lictorとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• lictour (obsolete, rare)

語源

Borrowed from Latin līctor.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈlɪktə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈlɪktɚ/
• 韻: -ɪktə(ɹ)

名詞

lictor (plural lictors)

1. An officer in Ancient Rome, attendant on a consul or magistrate, who bore the fasces and was responsible for punishing criminals.
   • 1606, Caius [i.e., Gaius] Suetonius Tranquillus, “The Historie of Caius Iulius Cesar Dictator”, in Philêmon Holland, transl., The Historie of Twelve Cæsars Emperours of Rome. […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes and George Snowdon] for Matthew Lownes, →OCLC, section 20, page 8:

     Hee brought-in likevvise the ancient cuſtome againe, that in vvhat moneth hee had not the Knitches of rods vvith Axes borne before him, a publique Officer called Accensvs ſhould huiſher him before, and the Serjeants or Lictours follovv after behinde.

   • 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter XIII, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 276:

     “Regard not that, my brother,” answered Magdalen Græme; “the first successors of Saint Peter himself, were elected not in sunshine but in tempests—not in the halls of the Vatican, but in the subterranean vaults and dungeons of Heathen Rome—they were not gratulated with shouts and salvos of cannon-shot and of musquetry, and the display of artificial fire—no, my brother—but by the hoarse summons of Lictors and Prætors, who came to drag the Fathers of the Church to martyrdom. […]”

   • 1985, Anthony Burgess, Kingdom of the Wicked:

     ‘Beware the power of the mob, Caesar.’ Then, schooled in needful agility, he ran away before a lictor’s whip could reach him.

派生語

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈliːk.tɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈlik.t̪or]
• Gellius states that the vowel in the first syllable is long.

名詞

līctor m (genitive līctōris, feminine līctrīx); third declension

1. lictor (an officer in Ancient Rome)

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生した語

• English: lictor
• French: licteur
• Italian: littore
• Polish: liktor
• Spanish: lictor

参照

Further reading

• “lictor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lictor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “lictor”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the lictors clear the way: lictores summovent turbam (Liv. 4. 50)
    
• “lictor”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “lictor”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin