ſideの英語

発音

• enPR: sīd, IPA: /saɪd/
• (Scotland) IPA: /səɪd/
• ハイフネーション: side
• 韻: -aɪd
• Homophone: sighed (except Scotland)

語源 1

From 中期英語 side, from 古期英語 sīde (“side, flank”), from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ (“side, flank, edge, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēy- (“to send, throw, drop, sow, deposit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Siede (“side”), West Frisian side (“side”), Dutch zijde, zij (“side”), German Low German Sied (“side”), German Seite (“side”), Danish and Norwegian side (“side”), Swedish sida (“side”).

The LGBTQ slang sense was coined by sex therapist and author Joe Kort in 2010 and popularized in 2013. The sense was coined by analogy with top and bottom and based on the metaphor of a box which has a top, bottom, and sides.

名詞

side (countable and uncountable, plural sides)

1. A bounding straight edge of a two-dimensional shape.

   A square has four sides.

2. A flat surface of a three-dimensional object; a face.

   A cube has six sides.

3. One half (left or right, top or bottom, front or back, etc.) of something or someone.

   Which side of the tray shall I put it on?  The patient was bleeding on the right side.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. […] As we reached the lodge we heard the whistle, and we backed up against one side of the platform as the train pulled up at the other.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.

4. A region in a specified position with respect to something.

   Meet me on the north side of the monument.

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

     Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

5. The portion of the human torso usually covered by the arms when they are not raised; the areas on the left and right between the belly or chest and the back.

   Meronyms: flank, loin; latus, lumbus

   I generally sleep on my side.

   • 2006, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured (Jones & Bartlett Learning, →ISBN, p. 234:

     Roll the patient onto the left side so that head, shoulders, and torso move at the same time without twisting.

6. One surface of a sheet of paper (used instead of "page", which can mean one or both surfaces.)

   John wrote 15 sides for his essay!

7. One possible aspect of a concept, person, or thing.

   Look on the bright side.

   She has a mean side (to her).

8. One set of competitors in a game.

   Which side has kick-off?

9. (UK, Australia, Ireland) A sports team.
   • 1988, Ken Jones with Pat Welton Crown, Soccer skills & tactics, page 9:

     Newly promoted, they were top of the First Division and unbeaten when they took on a Manchester United side that had been revitalized by a new manager, […].

   • 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1-1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:

     It was no less than Valencia deserved after dominating possession in the final 20 minutes although Chelsea defended resolutely and restricted the Spanish side to shooting from long range.

   • 2011, Nick Cain, Greg Growden, Rugby Union For Dummies, 3rd edition, UK, page 220:

     Initially, the English, Welsh, Scots and Irish unions refused to send national sides, preferring instead to send touring sides like the Barbarians, the Penguins, the Co-Optimists, the Wolfhounds, Crawshays Welsh, and the Public School Wanderers.

10. A group of morris dancers who perform together.
11. A group having a particular allegiance in a conflict or competition.

    there are two sides to every question

    Although there are two sides to every story, the fallacy that they are inevitably equally ethical is called bothsidesism.

    In the Second World War, the Italians were on the side of the Germans until Italy switched sides in 1943.

    • 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

      "Creating artificial rain over the Yellow Sea would help the Chinese side too," the spokesman said Kim told the meeting.

    • 1824, Walter Savage Landor, Imaginary Conversations: Lord Chesterfield and Lord Chatham:

      We have not always been of the […] same side in politics.

    • 1733–1737, Alexander Pope, [Imitations of Horace], London: […] R[obert] Dodsley [et al.]:

      sets the passions on the side of truth

12. (music) A recorded piece of music; a record, especially in jazz.
    • 1995, James Lincoln Collier, Jazz: The American Theme Song, page 41:

      But Bechet chafed under even the loose discipline of the Ellington group, and left. Through these years he wandered, making only a few sides, at the moment when jazz records were beginning to flood onto the market.

13. (sports, billiards, snooker, pool) Sidespin; english

    He had to put a bit of side on to hit the pink ball.

14. (British, Australia, Ireland, dated) A television channel, usually as opposed to the one currently being watched (from when there were only two channels).

    I just want to see what's on the other side — James said there was a good film on tonight.

15. (US, Canada, Philippines, colloquial) A dish that accompanies the main course; a side dish.

    Do you want a side of cole-slaw with that?

16. A line of descent traced through a particular relative, usually a parent or spouse, as distinguished from that traced through another.

    his mother's side of the family

    • 1671, John Milton, “The Third Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

      To sit upon thy father David's throne, / By Mothers side thy father.

    • 2016 February 27, Sean M. Teaford, Out on the Limbs: Searching for Answers in the Family Tree, AuthorHouse, →ISBN:

      Thankfully our son agreed and chose a name which, according to what I have been told is the name of the last in a long line of Rabbis on my wife's side.

17. (baseball) The batters faced in an inning by a particular pitcher.

    Clayton Kershaw struck out the side in the 6th inning.

18. (slang, dated, uncountable) An unjustified air of self-importance; a conceited attitude.
    • 1889, Rudyard Kipling, “The Education of Otis Yeere”, in Under the Deodars, Boston: The Greenock Press, published 1899, page 32:

      Indeed, Yeere was rapidly beginning to forget what he had been. One of his own rank and file put the matter brutally when he asked Yeere, in reference to nothing, “And who has been making you a Member of Council, lately? You carry the side of half a dozen of ’em.”

    • 1903, Samuel Butler, chapter 11, in R. A. Streatfeild, editor, The Way of All Flesh:

      Theobald posed as the most ardent lover imaginable, but, to use the vulgarism for the moment in fashion, it was all “side.”

    • 1930, Frank Richards, “Tale-Bearer in Chief”, in The Magnet:

      His manner never had been modest or retiring. Now it was unmistakably swanky; he was putting on side to an extent that made fellows who observed him smile and shrug their shoulders.

19. (drama) A written monologue or part of a scene to be read by an actor at an audition.
    • 2010, Viola Spolin, Carol Sills, Theater Games for Rehearsal: A Director's Handbook, page 12:

      Some directors use full scripts (book); others use “sides,” which consist of one or two words of the cue and the subsequent full speech of the individual actor.

    • 2017, Dave Kost, Book of Sides II:

      The short scenes in this book are particularly useful for audition workshops since audition sides are rarely longer than two pages.

20. (LGBTQ, slang) A man who prefers not to engage in anal sex during same-sex sexual activity.

    My boyfriend and I are both sides; we prefer to do oral and other stuff.

21. (mathematics, obsolete) A root.
    • 1723, Edward Wells, The Young Gentleman's Arithmetick, and Geometry, page 127:

      And 9 is said to be the Square, 27 the Cube of 3, which is call'd the Side of 9 and 27, &c.

同意語

• (bounding straight edge of an object): edge
• (flat surface of an object): face
• (left or right half): half
• (surface of a sheet of paper): page
• (region in a specified position with respect to something):
• (one possible aspect of a concept):
• (set of opponents in a game): team
• (group having a particular allegiance in a war):
• (television channel): channel, station (US)

下位語

派生語

• English terms suffixed with -side

形容詞

side (comparative more side, superlative most side)

1. Being on the left or right, or toward the left or right; lateral.
   • 1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis: The Year of Wonders, 1666. […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], →OCLC, (please specify the stanza number):

     One mighty squadron with a side wind sped.

2. Indirect; oblique; incidental.

   a side issue; a side view or remark

   • 1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

     The law hath no side respect to their persons.

動詞

side (third-person singular simple present sides, present participle siding, simple past and past participle sided)

1. (intransitive) To ally oneself, be in an alliance, usually with "with" or rarely "in with"

   Which will you side with, good or evil?

   • 1597, Francis Bacon, “Of Great Place”, in Essays:

     All rising to great place is by a winding star; and if there be factions, it is good to side a man's self, whilst he is in the rising, and to balance himself when he is placed.

   • 1714, Alexander Pope, “The Rape of the Lock”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, →OCLC, canto V:

     All side in parties, and begin the attack.

   • 1958, Archer Fullingim, The Kountze [Texas] News, August 28, 1958:

     How does it feel... to... side in with those who voted against you in 1947?

2. To lean on one side.
3. (transitive, obsolete) To be or stand at the side of; to be on the side toward.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 27:

     His blind eye that syded Paridell.

4. (transitive, obsolete) To suit; to pair; to match.
   • 1660-1667, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, The Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon

     He had ſure read more , and carried more about him , in his excellent Memory , than any Man I ever knew , my Lord Falkland only excepted , who I think ſided him

5. (transitive, shipbuilding) To work (a timber or rib) to a certain thickness by trimming the sides.
6. (transitive) To furnish with a siding.

   to side a house

7. (transitive, cooking) To provide with, as a side or accompaniment.
   • 1995, Orange Coast Magazine, volume 11, number 8, page 166:

     Entrees are sided with a generous portion of vegetables, and some include little surprises […]

   • 2009 March 14, Corey Mintz, “Stop and cheer chefs' dedication to quality”, in Toronto Star‎:

     A chocolate cakelette, caramel percolating from its warm top, is sided with peanut butter chantilly cream.