apioとは 意味・読み方・使い方

アナグラム

• Piao, -opia, opia

語源 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

名詞

apiō

1. dative/ablative singular of apium

語源 2

Probably from Proto-Italic *apjō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hp-i-. The following two roots have been proposed:

• Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep- (“grab, snatch, get”). Potential cognates include Hittite ēpp-/app- (“to take, grab”).
• Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to attach, join”). Potential cognates include Hittite 𒄩𒀊 (ḫapp-, “to join, attach”), Ancient Greek ἅπτω (háptō, “to fasten”).

Within Latin, other possibly related terms include apīscor, coepiō, cōpula (“bond, tie, connection; band, leash”), apex.

The only form of apiō in common use is the perfect participle aptus, which is used as an adjective with a range of senses, not all of which necessarily share the same etymology. (Rix derives the adjective aptus (“suitable, fitting”) from *h₂ep- but apiō and apīscor from *h₁ep-.) The present (or infectum) stem is attested only a few times, in etymological explanations given in works of Saint Isidore of Seville, Paul the Deacon (summarizing Sextus Pompeius Festus) and Servius, as well as glosses.

The perfect stem is hypothesized to have originally been *ēp-; compare coēpit in Lucretius 4.619.

動詞

apiō (present infinitive apere, supine aptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, no perfect stem

1. to bind, fasten, join; attach, connect
   • c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.15.1:

     […] linguam autem dēbēre aiunt non esse līberam nec vagam, sed vinclīs de pectore īmō ac dē corde aptīs movērī et quasi gubernārī.

     They say that the tongue should not be free and wandering, but that it should be moved and, so to say, steered by cords attached to the deep chest and heart.

   • c. 600 CE – 625 CE, Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiae 19.30.5:

     Apex est pilleum sutile quod sacerdotes gentiles utebantur, appellatus ab apiendo, id est adligando.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 17, line 9:

     Apex, quod est sacerdotum īnsigne, dictus est ab eō, quod comprehendere antīquī vinculō apere dīcēbant. Unde aptus est, quī conventienter alicui iūnctus est.

     The apex, which is the ensign of the Flamen, is called so because of the fact that in, the old language, tying with a rope was called apere. Whence aptus is something which is conventiently joined to something.

2. to snag, snare

Conjugation

参照

Further reading

• “apio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "apio", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “apio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 120