egoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (MLE) IPA: /ˈiɡo/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈiːɡəʊ/
  • IPA: (obsolete) /ˈɛɡəʊ/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈiɡoʊ/
• 韻: -iːɡəʊ

名詞

ego (countable and uncountable, plural egos)

1. The self, especially with a sense of self-importance.
   • 1998, Eckhart Tolle, A New Earth:

     When every thought absorbs your attention completely, when you are so identified with the voice in your head and the emotions that accompany it that you lose yourself in every thought and every emotion, then you are totally identified with form and therefore in the grip of ego. Ego is a conglomeration of recurring thought forms and conditioned mental-emotional patterns that are invested with a sense of I, a sense of self.

2. (psychology, Freudian) The most central part of the mind, which mediates with one's surroundings.
   • 1954, Calvin S. Hall, A Primer of Freudian Psychology:

     In the well adjusted person the ego is the executive of the personality and is governed by the reality principle.

   • 1991 September, Stephen Fry, chapter 1, in The Liar, London: Heinemann, →ISBN, section I, page 13:

     ‘Everything begins with “I”, you mean. Which is ego,’ said Tom, placing an ankle behind his ear, ‘not id.’

3. A person's self-esteem and opinion of themselves.
   • 1976 February 7, Philip Gambone, “Coming Out: The Gay Identity Process”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 32, page 4:

     Too many gay people "come out" publicly, yet fail to achieve truly healthy egos. They "adjust" to being less than whole or integrated persons.

   • 2024 January 10, Christian Wolmar, “A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262”, in RAIL, number 1000, page 60:

     My columns in the early days of the Labour government often featured John Prescott, who was in charge of transport as part of a mega-department created to match his ego.

4. (anthropology, genealogy) The individual from whose point of view a family tree or pedigree chart is drawn, or the reference point from whom kinship terminology is relative. (Used without the definite article the.)

   the cousin of ego on the father's side

同意語

• I, Ich

等位語

• (Freudian self): id, superego

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• EOG, GEO, GOE, Geo., Goe, geo, geo-, goe

語源

From Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɛ.ɡoː], [ˈɛ.ɡɔ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈɛː.ɡo]

代名詞

egō̆ (first person, nominative, plural nōs)

1. I; first person singular personal pronoun, nominative case
   • 4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Tobit 3:19

     et aut ego indigna fui illis aut illi mihi forsitan digni non fuerunt quia forsitan viro alio conservasti me

     And either I was unworthy of them, or they perhaps were not worthy of me: because perhaps thou hast kept me for another man

語形変化

• Mēd is an early form of mē.

派生語

派生した語

Reflexes of the late variant eo:

Borrowings:

参考

参照

• “ego”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ego”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "ego", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “ego”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be hardly able to restrain one's tears: vix me contineo quin lacrimem
    
  • I cannot sleep for anxiety: curae somnum mihi adimunt, dormire me non sinunt
    
  • I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
    
  • I was induced by several considerations to..: multae causae me impulerunt ad aliquid or ut...
    
  • I console myself with..: hoc (illo) solacio me consōlor
    
  • I console myself with..: haec (illa) res me consolatur
    
  • (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me
    
  • I will refuse you nothing: nihil tibi a me postulanti recusabo
    
  • I express my approval of a thing: res a me probatur
    
  • as far as I can guess: quantum ego coniectura assequor, auguror
    
  • if I am not mistaken: nisi (animus) me fallit
    
  • unless I'm greatly mistaken: nisi omnia me fallunt
    
  • I am not unaware: me non fugit, praeterit
    
  • I cannot bring myself to..: a me impetrare non possum, ut
    
  • I forget something: oblivio alicuius rei me capit
    
  • experience has taught me: usus me docuit
    
  • this goes to prove what I say: hoc est a (pro) me
    
  • the matter speaks for itself: res ipsa (pro me apud te) loquitur
    
  • something harasses me, makes me anxious: aliquid me sollicitat, me sollicitum habet, mihi sollicitudini est, mihi sollicitudinem affert
    
  • I am discontented with my lot: fortunae meae me paenitet
    
  • I am not dissatisfied with my progress: non me paenitet, quantum profecerim
    
  • what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
    
  • it's all over with me; I'm a lost man: actum est de me
    
  • I have great hopes that..: magna me spes tenet (with Acc. c. Inf.) (Tusc. 1. 41. 97)
    
  • hope has played me false: spes me frustratur
    
  • I have received a legacy from a person: hereditas ad me or mihi venit ab aliquo (Verr. 2. 1. 10)
    
  • I have no objection: per me licet
    
  • (ambiguous) to be burned to ashes: incendio deleri, absūmi
    
  • (ambiguous) to be carried off by a disease: morbo absūmi (Sall. Iug. 5. 6)
    
  • (ambiguous) to die a natural death: morbo perire, absūmi, consūmi
    
  • (ambiguous) according to my strong conviction: ex animi mei sententia (vid. sect. XI. 2)
    
  • (ambiguous) I put myself at your disposal as regards advice: consilii mei copiam facio tibi
    
  • (ambiguous) my dear father: pater optime or carissime, mi pater (vid. sect. XII. 10)
    
  • (ambiguous) I swear on my conscience: ex animi mei sententia iuro