Combとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 comb, from 古期英語 camb (“comb”), from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz (“comb”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth”), a doublet of cam. The verb is derived from the noun and displaced the older verb kemb.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kōm, IPA: /kəʊm/
• (米国発音) enPR: kōm, IPA: /koʊm/
• 韻: -əʊm

名詞

comb (plural combs)

1. A toothed implement:
   1. A toothed implement for grooming the hair or (formerly) for keeping it in place.
      • 1977, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in An Autobiography, part II, London: Collins, →ISBN:

        There was also hairdressing: hairdressing, too, really was hairdressing in those times — no running a comb through it and that was that. It was curled, frizzed, waved, put in curlers overnight, waved with hot tongs; […].

   2. A machine used in separating choice cotton fibers from worsted cloth fibers.
   3. The toothed plate at the top and bottom of an escalator that prevents objects getting trapped between the moving stairs and fixed landings.
   4. A toothed tool used for chasing screws on work in a lathe; a chaser.
   5. The notched scale of a wire micrometer.
   6. The collector of an electrical machine, usually resembling a comb.
   7. A toothed plate used for creating wells in agar gels for electrophoresis.
   8. (weaving) A toothed wooden pick used to push the weft thread tightly against the previous pass of thread to create a tight weave.
   9. One of a pair of peculiar organs on the base of the abdomen in scorpions, with which they comb substrate.
2. A crest:
   1. A fleshy growth on the top of the head of some birds and reptiles; crest.
   2. (by extension) A crest (of metal, leather, etc) on a piece of armor, especially on a helmet.
      • 1888, “Journal of the United Service Institution of India”, in United Service Institution of India, page 197:

        The head-dress of the Horse Grenadiers consists of a peculiar leather helmet with a comb of bear's skin passing over it from ear to ear and a long scarlet  […]

      • 1898, John Starkie Gardner, Armour in England from the Earliest Times to the Seventeenth Century, page 44:

        The armet has usually a low central cabled comb with parallel flutes on either side, occasionally there are three or five combs.

      • 1909, Albert Frederick Calvert, Madrid: An Historical Description and Handbook of the Spanish Capital, page 82:

        The combs or elbow pieces are beautifully made, and over the right armpit is […]

      • 2021, Charles Henry Ashdown, British and Foreign Arms & Armour, Good Press:

        Charles I. (Edinburgh Castle) The Pikeman of the time of James I. was accoutred in a morion-shaped helmet with a comb of moderate size and a flat brim,  […]

   3. The top part of a gun’s stock.
3. A structure of hexagon cells made by bees for storing honey; honeycomb.
   • 1909, John Claude White, Sikhim and Bhutan, page 9:

     The combs of the wild bees are found on overhanging precipices, and the only means by which they can be reached is to descend from above on narrow cane ladders just wide enough for a man’s foot, and often 300 feet to 400 feet long.

4. (music) The main body of a harmonica containing the air chambers and to which the reed plates are attached.
5. A former, commonly cone-shaped, used in hat manufacturing for hardening soft fibre.
6. An old English measure of corn equal to the half quarter.
   • 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England‎, volume 4, page 207:

     But the comb or half quarter is very general in the Eastern counties, particularly in Norfolk.

7. The curling crest of a wave; a comber.
8. (algebraic geometry) A connected and reduced curve with irreducible components consisting of a smooth subcurve (called the handle) and one or more additional irreducible components (called teeth) that each intersect the handle in a single point that is unequal to the unique point of intersection for any of the other teeth.
9. (Cornwall, mining, obsolete) A kind of vertical plate in a lode.

同意語

• (skin on head of birds): cockscomb, crest

等位語

• (skin on head of birds): caruncle, snood, wattle

等位語

• orling

派生語

関連する語

• kemb
• kempt
• unkempt

動詞

comb (third-person singular simple present combs, present participle combing, simple past and past participle combed)

1. (transitive, especially of hair or fur) To groom with a toothed implement, especially a comb.

   I need to comb my hair before we leave the house.

2. (transitive) To separate choice cotton fibers from worsted cloth fibers.
3. (transitive) To search thoroughly as if raking over an area with a comb.

   Police combed the field for evidence after the assault.

4. (nautical, intransitive) To roll over, as the top or crest of a wave; to break with a white foam, as waves.
5. (naval, transitive) To turn a vessel parallel to (the track of) (a torpedo) so as to reduce one's size as a target.
   • 2010, Jim Crossley, Bismarck: The Epic Chase:

     The aircraft split up so as to attack from different, preselected bearings, thus confusing the gunners and making it difficult for the ship to comb torpedo tracks.

   • 2013, Steve Backer, British Battlecruisers of the Second World War, page 10:

     Sixteen torpedo bombers divided their attention between the two ships. Repulse combed the torpedo wakes and knocked down two of the attackers.

派生語

語源 2

From combination.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /kɒmb/

名詞

comb (plural combs)

1. (rare) Abbreviation of combination. (Can we add an example for this sense? )

   Synonym: combo

関連する語

• comb. nov. (New Latin naturalized into scientific English)

語源 3

発音

• IPA: /kuːm/

名詞

comb (plural combs)

1. Alternative form of combe.

語源 4

発音

• IPA: /kuːm/

名詞

comb (plural combs)

1. (dialectal) Alternative form of coomb.
   • 1971, George Ewart Evans, quoting auctioneer Aston Gaze, Tools of Their Trades: An Oral History of Men at Work c. 1900‎, Taplinger Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 109:

     [Regarding a period of agricultural depression] Even on the good land where the farmer hadn't enough capital to look after it and have it properly drained he couldn't hold on. He'd be getting a yield of eight combs of wheat and ten combs of barley per acre. But that wasn't good enough: it gave him no leeway. This is understandable when you recollect the price of wheat at that time.

アナグラム

• BMOC

名詞

comb m

1. alternative form of camb

語源

From 古期英語 camb, comb, from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz.

発音

• IPA: /kɔ̝ːm(b)/, /kɔm(b)/
• (mainly Northern ME) IPA: /kam(b)/, /kaːm(b)/

名詞

comb (plural combes)

1. A comb (toothed tool for holding or grooming hair)
2. An instrument similar to a comb used for differing things.
3. A comb or wattle (usually of a rooster)
4. A honeycomb (hexagonal structure of bees)
5. (rare) The top of a mount or rise.
6. (rare) The palm or the analogous part of the foot.

関連する語

• hony comb
• horscomb
• kemben

派生した語

• English: comb
• Scots: camb, came, kame, kaim, kem
• Yola: cowm, khime

参照

• “cōmb, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 31 October 2018.