TIPとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA: /tɪp/
• 韻: -ɪp

語源 1

From 中期英語 tip, typ, tippe (“tip”), related to Saterland Frisian Tip (“tip”), West Frisian tippe, tip (“tip”), Dutch tip (“tip”), German Low German Tip, Tippel (“tip”), dialectal German Zipf (“tip”) (diminutive Zipfel used in Standard German), Danish tip (“tip”), Swedish tipp (“tip”), Icelandic typpi (“knob, pin, penis”). Compare also Saterland Frisian Timpe (“tip”), West Frisian timpe (“tip”), 古期英語 tæppa (“tap, spigot”), Albanian thep (“tip, point”), Middle High German züpfel (“pointed end, tip”).

名詞

tip (plural tips)

1. The extreme end of something, especially when pointed; e.g. the sharp end of a pencil. [from 15th c.]

   Synonym: extremity

   the tip of one's nose

   • 1848, Anne Bronte, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall:

     When he woke up, about half an hour after, he called it to him again, but Dash only looked sheepish and wagged the tip of his tail.

   • 2004, Xiaoneng Yang, “Early Imperial China (Qin Dynasty through Southern and Northern Dynasties Period)”, in Xiaoneng Yang, editor, New Perspectives on China's Past: Chinese Archaeology in the Twentieth Century, volume 2, Yale University Press; Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 324:

     The present-day city of Ji’an at the southern tip of Jilin province was the second capital (3-427 CE) of the Gaogouli kingdom during its middle period.

   • 2013 June 8, “The new masters and commanders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 52:

     From the ground, Colombo’s port does not look like much. […]   But viewed from high up in one of the growing number of skyscrapers in Sri Lanka’s capital, it is clear that something extraordinary is happening: China is creating a shipping hub just 200 miles from India’s southern tip.

2. A piece of metal, fabric or other material used to cover the top of something for protection, utility or decoration. [from 15th c.]

   a tip for an umbrella, a shoe, a gas burner, etc.

3. (music) The end of a bow of a stringed instrument that is not held.
4. (chiefly in the plural) A small piece of meat.

   chicken tips over rice, pork tips, marinated alligator tips

   • 1998, Alan Morris, “Between Earth and Sky”, in Guardians of the North, book 4; →ISBN:

     He dutifully speared a beef tip and chewed it with false gusto.

5. A piece of stiffened lining pasted on the inside of a hat crown.
6. A thin, boarded brush made of camel's hair, used by gilders in lifting gold leaf.
7. Synonym of eartip (“part of earbuds”).

派生語

動詞

tip (third-person singular simple present tips, present participle tipping, simple past and past participle tipped)

1. (transitive) To provide with a tip; to cover the tip of. [from 15th c.]
   • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:

     I thinke he thinkes vpon the sauage bull: / Tush, feare not man, wee'll tip thy hornes with gold, / And all Europa shall reioyce at thee [...].

   • 1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto I.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:

     truncheon tipped with iron head

   • a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Winter”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:

     The furry nations harbour-tipt with jet, / Fair ermines spotless as the snows they press.

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

     It was on the break - the moon shone on its crest and tipped its foam with light.

派生語

語源 2

From Late 中期英語 tippen, possibly from North Germanic/Scandinavian (compare Swedish tippa (“to topple over”)), or a special use of Etymology 1.

動詞

tip (third-person singular simple present tips, present participle tipping, simple past and past participle tipped)

1. (ergative) (To cause) to become knocked over, fall down or overturn. [(transitive) From early 14th c.] [(intransitive) From earlier 16th c.]
2. (ergative) (To cause) to be, or come to be, in a tilted or sloping position; (to cause) to become unbalanced. [from 17th c.]
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     the brief suspended agony of the boat, as it would tip for an instant on the knife-like edge of the sharper waves, that almost seemed threatening to cut it in two […]

   • 2019, Sabrina Lawreniuk, “‘Hun Sen Won’t Die, Workers Will Die’: The Geopolitics of Labour in the Cambodian Crackdown”, in Dog Days: Made in China Yearbook 2018‎, ANU Press, page 217b:

     There is little chance that the EU’s watchdogs have, until now, simply missed the evidence of a deeper malaise. The red flags signalling a democratic deficit have always been prominent: from the long-standing harassment, detention, and assassination of peaceful human rights defenders like Chea Vichea, Chut Wutty, and Tep Vanny, to ratcheting up efforts to deter civil society organisation through dubious, hostile legislation. More likely, the trade-offs between popular power and stability have been weighed by the EU and accepted, where these have tipped in its favour—in this case, shoring up a regional ally and trading partner, as well as delivering rapid rates of economic growth that have won Cambodia middle-income status, thus serving up a ready exemplar of neoliberal development logic.

3. To cause the contents of a container to be emptied out by tilting it.
   • 1941 June, “Notes and News: The Derelict Glyn Valley Tramway”, in Railway Magazine, page 278:

     The workshop with its smithy is still intact, also the loading stage where the narrow-gauge wagons tipped their contents into those of the G.W.R.

4. (transitive, slang, dated) To drink. [from 18th c.]
5. (transitive) To dump (refuse). [from 19th c.]
6. (US, transitive) To pour a libation or a liquid from a container, particularly from a forty of malt liquor. [from 20th c.]
   • 1993, DRS, Gangsta Lean (This Is For My Homies):

     I tip my 40 to your memory.

7. (transitive) To deflect with one′s fingers, especially one′s fingertips.
   • 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport‎:

     Lampard was replaced by Kalou but the substitute immediately gave the ball to Jonas, whose 25-yard curler was tipped wide by Cech.

派生語

名詞

tip (plural tips)

1. (skittles, obsolete) The knocking over of a skittle. [from 17th c.]
2. An act of tipping up or tilting. [from 19th c.]
3. (UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) An area or a place for dumping something, such as rubbish or refuse, as from a mine; a heap (see tipple); a dump. [from 19th c.]
   • 1955 July, D. S. Barrie, “Railways of the Bridgend District”, in Railway Magazine, page 449:

     There is much sad evidence, too, of the spoliation and dereliction of vanished industry: tips, slag-heaps and derelict colliery-screens among which the ubiquitous, nomad mountain sheep graze unconcernedly.

   • 1972 May 18, Jon Tinker, Must we waste rubbish?, New Scientist, page 389,

     As the tip slowly squashes under its own weight, bacteria rot away the organic matter, mainly anaerobically with the generation of methane.

   • 2009, Donna Kelly, 'Don't dump on Hepburn's top tip', The Hepburn Advocate, Fairfax Digital

     When I was a kid I used to love going to the tip.

   • 2009, Rother District Council, Rother District Council Website‎:

     There are two rubbish tips in Rother.

   • 2009, Beck Vass, 'Computer collectibles saved from the tip' The New Zealand Herald, Technology section, APN Holdings NZ Ltd

     Computer collectibles saved from the tip

4. (UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Rubbish thrown from a quarry.
5. (UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, by extension) A recycling centre.
6. (colloquial) A very untidy place. [from 20th c.]
7. The act of deflecting with one's fingers, especially the fingertips
   • 2011 October 1, Phil McNulty, “Everton 0 - 2 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport‎:

     As a frenetic opening continued, Cahill - whose robust approach had already prompted Jamie Carragher to register his displeasure to Atkinson - rose above the Liverpool defence to force keeper Pepe Reina into an athletic tip over the top.

8. A tram for expeditiously transferring coal.

派生語

語源 3

Uncertain, perhaps related to Etymology 1 and cognate with Dutch tippen, German tippen, Swedish tippa.

動詞

tip (third-person singular simple present tips, present participle tipping, simple past and past participle tipped)

1. (now rare) To hit quickly and lightly; to tap. [from late 15th c.]
   • 1708, Squire Bickerstaff Detected, John Partridge:

     A third rogue tips me by the elbow.

名詞

tip (plural tips)

1. (now rare) A light blow or tap. [from late 16th c.]

語源 4

Originally thieves' slang, of uncertain origin; according to the OED, probably related to sense 1.

動詞

tip (third-person singular simple present tips, present participle tipping, simple past and past participle tipped)

1. To give a small gratuity to, especially to an employee of someone who provides a service. [from early 18th c.]

   You should always tip your waiter in the United States and most third world countries.

   • 1950 April, Timothy H. Cobb, “The Kenya-Uganda Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 263:

     Hire of bedding, and food in the restaurant cars is cheap, and passengers are officially encouraged not to tip company's servants—but they do.

   • 1964, Ernest Hemingway, A Moveable Feast, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 156:

     “Did you tip him enough to do any good? They only work for tips.”
     “I didn’t know that,” I said. “I thought the hotel paid them something on the side.”
     “I mean they will only do something for you for a substantial tip. Most of them are rotten clean through.”

2. (thieves' cant) To give, pass. [from early 17th c.]
   • 1839, Dearden's Miscellany, volumes 1-2, page 661:

     "Done say I to that, Reuben, tip me your fin, my spark, and it shall be a bet."

派生語

• tipper
• tipping

名詞

tip (plural tips)

1. A gratuity; a small amount of money left for a bartender, waiter, taxi driver or other servant as a token of appreciation. [from mid-18th c.]

   Workers in the American service industry usually depend on tips to even make minimum wage.

   • 1897, Bram Stoker, Dracula, Westminster [London]: Archibald Constable and Company, […], →OCLC:

     A half crown tip put the deputy's knowledge at my disposal, and I learned that Mr. Bloxam [...] had left for his work at five o'clock that morning.

   • 1964, Ernest Hemingway, A Moveable Feast, page 156:

     “Did you tip him enough to do any good? They only work for tips.”
     “I didn’t know that,” I said. “I thought the hotel paid them something on the side.”
     “I mean they will only do something for you for a substantial tip. Most of them are rotten clean through.”

   • 2022 December 14, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 35:

     Tips were an important part of porters' income, and at Christmas passengers felt there was extra pressure to give them - despite some perceiving the level of service to be poor.

同意語

• See gratuity

派生語

派生した語

• → Japanese: チップ (chippu)
• → Korean: 팁 (tip)

語源 5

Probably from tip (“to give, pass”) or tip (“to tap”), or a combination of the two.

名詞

tip (plural tips)

1. A piece of private or secret information, especially imparted by someone with expert knowledge about sporting odds, business performance etc. [from mid-19th c.]

   hot stock tips

2. A piece of advice.

   tips and tricks

3. (Australia) A prediction of the winning team in a football game by a participant in a footy tipping competition.
   • 2019 July 4, Stirling Coates, “The Roar's AFL expert tips and predictions: Round 16”, in The Roar‎:

     Thus, this is a tricky tip; Port’s inconsistency combined with the higher ladder placing of Adelaide have me leaning the latter’s way.

   • 2016 June 29, “AFL tipping 2016: round 15 Expert tips from Herald Sun”, in Herald Sun‎:

     Another bye round, another dose of Thursday night footy and that means you have to get your tips in early.

4. (Australia) A prediction about the outcome of something.
   • 2012 June 27, Ian Macdonald, “Tax Laws Amendment (2012 Measures No. 2) Bill 2012, Pay As You Go Withholding Non-compliance Tax Bill 2012”, in parliamentary debates (Australian House of Representatives)‎:

     My guess, Senator Bernardi, is that Mr Rudd will take over. He will immediately say: 'I made a mistake on the carbon tax. We're not going to introduce it and we will go to an election.' There is my tip.

   • 2022 July 18, Jedd Zetzer, “Jason Kubler reaches new heights in Newport”, in SEN‎:

     My tip is he can be top 50 after the Australian summer of tennis.

同意語

• hint

下位語

• pro tip (pro-tip, protip) (e.g., life pro tip)

等位語

• hack (e.g., lifehack)
• trick

派生語

派生した語

• → German: Tipp

動詞

tip (third-person singular simple present tips, present participle tipping, simple past and past participle tipped)

1. To give a piece of private information to; to inform (someone) of a clue, secret knowledge, etc. [from late 19th c.]
   • 1987 October 1, Charles W. Murdock, “Heard It Through the Grapevine: The Future of Insider-Trading Laws”, in ABA Journal‎, volume 73, number 12, pages 104 of 100–108:

     Dirks was an investment analyst who learned from a former employee of Equity Funding that the company had been fraudulently manufacturing insurance policies. Dirks tipped several institutions which then liquidated $16 million in Equity Funding stock before the fraud was exposed and the bottom fell out of the market. According to the Court, Dirks was a hero for (eventually) exposing the fraud. The SEC's censure of Dirks for tipping inside information was reversed because, the Supreme Court held, the liability of a tippee derives from that of the tipper. If the tipper is without sin, so is the tippee. Here, the employee's purpose in informing Dirks was to expose the fraud, so the tipper breached no duty. Moreover, according to the Court, for there to be a breach of duty, there must be personal benefit (in the form of pecuniary gain or reputational benefit that will translate into future earnings) arising to the tipper from the disclosure.

   • 1996, Donald C. Langevoort, “The Reform of Joint and Several Liability Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: Proportionate Liability, Contribution Rights and Settlement Effects”, in The Business Lawyer‎, volume 51, number 4, The American Bar Association, pages 1163 of 1157–1175:

     In rare instances, the provision logically could apply to the private right of action given to contemporaneous traders to recover for insider trading (e.g., a case where an insider tipped an associate about some forthcoming corporate event, and the tippee was found liable based on recklessness).

   • 2007, Paul Irvine, Marc Lipson, Andy Puckett, “Tipping”, in The Review of Financial Studies‎, volume 20, number 3, pages 755 of 741–768:

     If the institutional trading patterns we observe are a result of tipping, rather than precipitated by some other event, then we should see only a slight increase in the number of institutions active in the market (tipping would precipitate entry by, at most, the few institutions that were tipped). At the same time, given the nature of the reports, we should see an increase in the average buying activity of institutions (we cannot identify the specific institutions that were tipped, so we can only look at averages) and see little change in selling.

2. (Australia) To enter a prediction of the winning team of a football game, as part of a footy tipping competition.
   • 2022 May 5, Tim Miller, “The Roar's AFL expert tips and predictions: Round 8”, in The Roar‎:

     The rest of Saturday’s games have tantalising opportunities for upsets – but I’m going to tip conservatively.

   • 2010 April 23, Spiral, “Stampede Tipping Comp 2010!”, in Cowboys Stampede‎:

     I tipped all the home teams except for the Sharks and Storm.

3. (Australia) To predict something having a particular outcome.
   • 2019 April 27, John Pesutto, “Austere pay rises would conflict with case for a 'living wage'”, in The Age‎:

     I'm tipping that, although complex accounting treatments tend to separate capital items and recurrent programs and impede overall visibility, there are significant overspends across the infrastructure portfolio.

   • 2022 September 4, Dominic McGrath, “Truss tipped to win UK leadership race”, in The Canberra Times‎:

     Liz Truss is widely tipped to defeat rival Rishi Sunak to become the new British prime minister.

   • 2025 March 8, “Federal government to hand down 25 March budget after Tropical Cyclone Alfred delays election announcement”, in The Guardian‎:

     The prime minister was widely tipped to call the election this weekend for 12 April, allowing Labor to avoid a pre-ballot budget that is expected to confirm a return to deficit.

派生語

• tip off
• tipping
• footy tipping

語源 6

名詞

tip (plural tips)

1. (African-American Vernacular) A kick or phase; one's current habits or behaviour.
2. (African-American Vernacular) A particular arena or sphere of interest; a front.

参照

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:tip.

Further reading

• “tip”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• “tip”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “tip”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “tip”, in Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.

アナグラム

• ITP, PIT, PTI, TPI, pit, tpi